Table 4.

Descriptive statistics for Experiments 2 and 3

Segmentation method	Metrics of Performance
	(A) Absolute Error (residuals) in the Extent of the Foreground (%)			(B) Relative Error (mis‐estimation) in the Extent of the Foreground (%)			(C) Dice Coefficient Values
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD
Manual
Manual segmentation (tracing)	30	0.11	1.62	30	2.35	26.65	30	0.82	0.08
Manually defined threshold (1 examiner)	200	−0.96	3.73	200	−21.06	41.73	200	0.82	0.13
Manually defined threshold (20 examiners)	200	0.95	6.45	200	11.50	96.68	200	0.72	0.23
Global algorithms
Default	10	3.84	7.74	10	70.48	144.25	10	0.62	0.30
Huang	10	25.44	21.11	10	567.20	594.79	10	0.33	0.32
Intermodes	10	−3.22	2.77	10	−51.82	36.62	10	0.74	0.22
IsoData	10	2.98	6.20	10	55.49	116.19	10	0.63	0.29
Li	10	9.61	11.37	10	159.87	211.10	10	0.54	0.34
MaxEntropy	10	−0.77	4.72	10	−22.40	51.96	10	0.79	0.16
Mean	10	24.26	9.41	10	466.74	329.82	10	0.32	0.30
MinError	10	53.74	20.58	10	917.85	565.52	10	0.20	0.20
Minimum	10	−5.09	2.69	10	−73.91	31.45	10	0.33	0.31
Moments	10	1.92	3.13	10	28.79	42.01	10	0.66	0.28
Otsu	10	1.44	3.17	10	25.42	51.20	10	0.64	0.28
Percentile	10	41.94	6.15	10	763.39	491.28	10	0.23	0.23
RenyiEntropy	10	0.18	5.08	10	−12.75	54.85	10	0.78	0.16
Shanbhag	10	−3.01	3.76	10	−52.57	46.90	10	0.55	0.31
Triange	10	4.04	3.24	10	51.82	41.91	10	0.59	0.25
Yen	10	0.58	5.69	10	−9.99	59.01	10	0.78	0.17