Table 1.

Determination of selection criteria based on PICO of research question ‘which dietary intervention strategies were found to be effective in improving glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes among ethnic Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus’

	Participants (P)	Intervention (I)	Comparison (C)	Outcomes (O)	Study type	Limits
Inclusion criteria	Chinese women with gestational diabetes, including Chinese women from China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and other Asian and western countries. Any age	Any dietary intervention strategies different from the standard dietary intervention	Standard dietary intervention in a clinical setting	Glycaemic control included fasting plasma glucose, 2‐hour plasma glucose and HbA1c Any gestational diabetes‐related maternal and neonatal outcomes	Randomised controlled trials Cohort studies	Only including studies written in English or Chinese Any years
Exclusion criteria	Multiple pregnancies, pre‐existing diabetes in pregnancy, type 1 and type 2 diabetes Not ethnic specified				Case–control studies Editorial Narrative review