Table 5.

Overview of CO₂, temperature and canopy layer effects (magnitude and direction) for selected mineral elements measured in this study and reported CO₂ effects

Element	Year (for our study only)	CO2 effect (%)	Temp. effect (%)	Canopy layer effect (%)	Reported CO2 effecta (%)
B	2014	ns	+19.8	+1.5 +1.6	−6.4 (< 0.0001)
	2015	−6.0	+17.0	ns ns
Ca	2014	−5.5	+9.1	+13.9 +13.5	−5.8 (< 0.0001)
	2105	ns	+17.9	+5.0 +5.2
Cu	2014	ns	ns	ns	−5.7 (< 0.0001)
	2015	ns	ns	ns
Fe	2014	−8.7	+11.1	−12.5 −2.1	−4.1 (< 0.0001)
	2015	−7.7	+7.4	−12.5 −6.3
K	2014	3.1	ns	ns	0.1 (0.857)
	2015	ns	ns	−3.1 −0.4
Mg	2014	ns	ns	−0.2 −5.1	−3.5 (< 0.0001)
	2015	ns	+7.0	−1.3 −3.4
Mn	2014	ns	ns	+8.8 +15.8	−1.4 (0.204)
	2015	ns	+5.8	+10.9 +18.0
P	2014	ns	−10.9	+1.1 +2.6	−0.7 (0.379)
	2015	ns	ns	−1.4 +3.9
S	2014	ns	+3.6	ns	−2.9 (< 0.0001)
	2015	−9.6	ns	+9.4 +5.9
Se	2014	ns	ns	−0.6 −24.5
	2015	ns	ns	ns ns
Zn	2014	ns	+3.4	+0.2 −5.8	−5.1 (< 0.0001)
	2015	−8.9	+6.4	−5.4 −2.4

Values reported for the canopy layer effect are middle vs. bottom layer (first row) and top vs. middle layer (second row). For the respective P‐values see Table 4.

^aMyers et al. (2014) Extended Data Table 4.