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. 2019 Mar 1;98(3):479–491. doi: 10.1111/tpj.14231

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Mutants in ATM and SOG1 are sensitive to Al in short‐term growth assays.

(a) Six‐day‐old seedlings of wild‐type (WT), cdkb1, atr, atm and sog1 mutants were transferred to 1.5 mm Al‐containing hydroponics (pH 4.2) and treated for 12 h. Treated seedlings were subsequently planted on agar plates without Al and grown for 5 days. Scale bar: 1 cm. (b) Root growth measurements of WT, cdkb1, atr, atm and sog1. Al‐treated seedlings were transferred to agar plates without Al and root length was monitored for 5 days. Data are presented as mean ± SD in three independent experiments. Different letters indicate significant differences by independent samples t‐test: *P < 0.05. (c) Immunofluorescence analysis of γH2AX accumulation (green) in nuclei stained with DAPI (DNA, blue) of root tips of WT, atr, atm, and sog1 mutants after 12 h of incubation in 1.5 mm Al‐containing hydroponics (pH 4.2). (d) Quantification of γH2AX foci in root tips after Al treatment. One‐hundred nuclei per line per experiment were grouped into six classes according to their counted number of γH2AX foci: nuclei containing no γH2AX foci, 1–2, 3–5, 6–10 and 11–20 γH2AX foci.