Table 4.
Association of the genetic risk score (GRS) and weighted GRS with diabetes risk in a Chinese population
| Characteristic | Continuous score | Score quartiles | P trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| GRS | ||||||
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.07 (0.99, 1.17) | 1.00 | 1.25 (0.72, 2.17) | 1.10 (0.67, 1.82) | 1.42 (0.88, 2.30) | 0.193 |
| Adjusteda | 1.09 (1.00, 1.19) | 1.00 | 1.32 (0.75, 2.34) | 1.16 (0.69, 1.97) | 1.64 (0.99, 2.71) | 0.074 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.10 (0.97, 1.24) | 1.00 | 1.64 (0.77, 3.50) | 1.15 (0.55, 2.41) | 1.39 (0.67, 2.90) | 0.478 |
| Adjusteda | 1.14 (1.00, 1.31) | 1.00 | 2.03 (0.89, 4.63) | 1.45 (0.65, 3.24) | 1.86 (0.84, 4.10) | 0.163 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.06 (0.95, 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.36, 1.62) | 1.33 (0.65, 2.71) | 1.45 (0.76, 2.77) | 0.161 |
| Adjusteda | 1.06 (0.94, 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.34, 1.58) | 1.20 (0.57, 2.52) | 1.47 (0.76, 2.84) | 0.165 |
| IFG | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.55, 1.69) | 0.94 (0.58, 1.54) | 1.11 (0.68, 1.80) | 0.729 |
| Adjusteda | 1.02 (0.94, 1.12) | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.53, 1.69) | 0.87 (0.52, 1.44) | 1.14 (0.69, 1.87) | 0.709 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.95 (0.82, 1.09) | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.35, 2.12) | 0.70 (0.31, 1.62) | 0.81 (0.35, 1.87) | 0.510 |
| Adjusteda | 0.94 (0.81, 1.09) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.29, 2.00) | 0.65 (0.28, 1.53) | 0.80 (0.34, 1.89) | 0.484 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.06 (0.95, 1.17) | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.55, 1.94) | 1.16 (0.59, 2.27) | 1.30 (0.71, 2.37) | 0.361 |
| Adjusteda | 1.05 (0.95, 1.17) | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.47, 1.78) | 1.04 (0.52, 2.10) | 1.30 (0.69, 2.42) | 0.374 |
| IGT | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.45, 1.50) | 1.04 (0.63, 1.70) | 1.04 (0.63, 1.72) | 0.809 |
| Adjusteda | 1.04 (0.96, 1.14) | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.45, 1.52) | 1.05 (0.64, 1.73) | 1.09 (0.65, 1.81) | 0.676 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.97 (0.84, 1.13) | 1.00 | 0.53 (0.19, 1.51) | 0.70 (0.31, 1.62) | 0.72 (0.31, 1.71) | 0.421 |
| Adjusteda | 0.98 (0.84, 1.14) | 1.00 | 0.49 (0.17, 1.42) | 0.67 (0.29, 1.59) | 0.74 (0.31, 1.80) | 0.448 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.07 (0.96, 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.49, 1.89) | 1.55 (0.80, 2.99) | 1.26 (0.67, 2.38) | 0.345 |
| Adjusteda | 1.08 (0.97, 1.21) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.50, 1.96) | 1.56 (0.79, 3.05) | 1.38 (0.72, 2.63) | 0.232 |
| Weighted GRS | ||||||
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.09 (1.01, 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.53, 1.60) | 1.15 (0.68, 1.94) | 1.58 (0.97, 2.59) | 0.038 |
| Adjusteda | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.54, 1.70) | 1.29 (0.75, 2.22) | 1.88 (1.12, 3.13) | 0.007 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.13 (1.00, 1.28) | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.37, 1.92) | 1.33 (0.63, 2.81) | 1.68 (0.82, 3.46) | 0.083 |
| Adjusteda | 1.18 (1.03, 1.35) | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.33, 1.94) | 1.60 (0.71, 3.59) | 2.18 (1.01, 4.71) | 0.017 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.08 (0.96, 1.21) | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.31, 1.48) | 1.13 (0.57, 2.26) | 1.40 (0.72, 2.72) | 0.173 |
| Adjusteda | 1.09 (0.97, 1.22) | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.31, 1.58) | 1.19 (0.59, 2.41) | 1.54 (0.78, 3.06) | 0.114 |
| IFG | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.04 (0.96, 1.14) | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.42, 1.26) | 1.01 (0.60, 1.68) | 1.32 (0.81, 2.16) | 0.150 |
| Adjusteda | 1.05 (0.96, 1.14) | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.46, 1.43) | 1.07 (0.63, 1.82) | 1.35 (0.81, 2.26) | 0.161 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.00 (0.85, 1.16) | 1.00 | 0.56 (0.22, 1.46) | 0.93 (0.40, 2.15) | 1.05 (0.46, 2.39) | 0.720 |
| Adjusteda | 1.01 (0.86, 1.19) | 1.00 | 0.56 (0.21, 1.50) | 1.07 (0.44, 2.61) | 1.15 (0.48, 2.76) | 0.516 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.06 (0.96, 1.17) | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.41, 1.62) | 1.12 (0.59, 2.13) | 1.43 (0.78, 2.65) | 0.162 |
| Adjusteda | 1.05 (0.94, 1.17) | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.45, 1.82) | 1.09 (0.56, 2.13) | 1.36 (0.71, 2.60) | 0.292 |
| IGT | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.03 (0.94, 1.13) | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.56, 1.65) | 1.24 (0.74, 2.07) | 0.95 (0.55, 1.65) | 0.920 |
| Adjusteda | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) | 1.00 | 1.00 (0.58, 1.73) | 1.26 (0.75, 2.13) | 1.00 (0.57, 1.74) | 0.815 |
| Male sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.00 (0.85, 1.18) | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.35, 2.23) | 1.02 (0.41, 2.50) | 0.94 (0.37, 2.36) | 0.950 |
| Adjusteda | 1.02 (0.86, 1.21) | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.30, 2.00) | 1.17 (0.46, 2.97) | 0.98 (0.38, 2.54) | 0.864 |
| Female sex | ||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.04 (0.93, 1.15) | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.51, 1.89) | 1.12 (0.59, 2.13) | 0.96 (0.50, 1.87) | 0.995 |
| Adjusteda | 1.05 (0.95, 1.18) | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.55, 2.09) | 1.14 (0.59, 2.19) | 1.10 (0.56, 2.17) | 0.744 |
Note: Data are presented as odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the risk of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
a
Adjusted for age, sex, education, economic status, smoking, drinking, meat and poultry intake, cereal and bean intake, exercise, sedentary time, and body mass index.