Table 4.
Level of integration for surveillance of arbovirus infections in Serbia, Tunisia and Georgia
| Level of integration | Sublevels of integration | Criteria | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serbia‐WNV | Tunisia‐WNV | Georgia‐CCHFV | ||
| Policy and institutional level | Policy level |
‐Legislation issued (2014) by the Ministry of Health has created an inter‐sectoral Committee in order to share information across sectors to recognize early circulation of WNV and make decisions (coordination/communication role of the PH sector) ‐ National and district level projects supported financially by the Ministry of Agriculture and by the Ministry of Health have sustained inter‐sectoral integration of entomological with veterinary and human surveillance of WNV. ‐A unique reporting system legislation for entomological and veterinary surveillance is in place ‐A strategic plan was developed after 2014 epidemic |
‐ Legislation issued by the Ministry of Health (2004) has created inter‐sectoral committees at regional/local level in order to rapidly respond to WNV human cases ‐ Human Health and Entomology both refer to the Ministry of Health and show coordination at central and subcentral levels. ‐A strategic plan for WNV control with protocols for all sectors (not backed by formal legislation) is available. |
‐Legislation issued by the Government (2015) has created the One Health inter‐sectoral committee at national level. ‐Human Health and Entomology refer both to the Ministry of Health. ‐Presence of a strategic plan developed after the CCHF epidemic in 2014 which was, at the time of the study, being developed in a generic preparedness plan |
| Institutional level |
‐Presence of formal institutional collaboration mechanisms within sectors (e.g. bilateral agreements in place for the entomological surveillance in Vojvodina province‐northern Serbia) and of informal collaboration mechanisms (across sectors). ‐Existence of identified focal points for each of sector |
‐Presence of informal collaboration mechanisms (across sectors and within the human health sector) ‐Presence of formal institutional collaboration mechanisms with other sectors (e.g. role of regional councils) ‐Existence of identified focal points for each of sector |
‐Presence of informal collaboration mechanisms (across sectors and within the human health sector) ‐Presence of formal institutional collaboration mechanisms within other sectors (as during the 2014 outbreak). ‐Existence of identified focal points for each of sector |
|
| Data collection and analysis level | Interoperability mechanisms at data collection level |
‐Data sharing is in place within sectors with distinct databases. A unique web‐based database across all administrative level exists for veterinary surveillance since 2013 |
‐A database on animal data at Directorate General of Veterinary Health (Ministry of Agriculture) |
‐An Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System (EIDSS) is available across all sectors |
| Interoperability mechanisms at data analysis level | ‐Not available | ‐Not available | ‐Potential with the EIDSS, but presently used across human epi and virology | |
| Dissemination level | ‐Information and weekly reports are shared across sectors. Each institution might deliver information to the public autonomously | ‐Information and reports are shared across sectors during coordination meetings (e.g. periodic meetings of permanent committee for vector control). An integrated annual report, including the annual report of the Directorate General of Veterinary Health, is published regularly on the website of the MoH. | ‐Information and reports are shared across sectors during One Health Meetings organized by NCDC every 3 months | |