Table 2. Photodynamic therapy combined with antifungal drugs for 5 cases of chromoblastomycosis.
| case | Type of infections | Strain | ITS analyses (GenBank accession number) |
Antifungal | Antifungal dose, administration | PS | Light source | Wavelength (nm) | Power (mW cm−2) |
Fluence (J cm−2) and aPDT sessions |
Observed effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 | left elbow | F. nubica | MK931433 | Itraconazole | 400 mg day−1 oral | 5- ALA |
LED | 635 | 36.8 | 4 sessions weekly |
The lesions were obviously improved, but the plaque did not disappear. Fungal testing was positive. |
| Case 2 | right knee | F. pedrosoi | MK959027 | Terbinafine | 250 mg day−1 oral | 5- ALA |
LED | 635 | 36.8 | 4 sessions weekly |
The plaque disappeared, with some hypopigmentation remaining. Fungal testing was negative. |
| Case 3 | left leg | F. pedrosoi | MK959028 | Itraconazole and Terbinafine | 400 mg and 250 mg day−1 oral | 5- ALA |
LED | 635 | 36.8 | 4 sessions weekly |
The lesions were partial improved, but the plaque and nodules did not disappear. Fungal testing was positive. |
| Case 4 | right ankle | F. monophora | JN629042 | Terbinafine | 250 mg day−1 oral | 5- ALA |
LED | 635 | 36.8 | 2 (9 sessions weekly) |
Lesions improved clinically, with no recurrence. |
| Case 5 | right arm | F. monophora | JN629041 | Terbinafine | 250 mg day−1 oral | 5- ALA |
LED | 635 | 36.8 | 5 sessions weekly (2 periods) |
Lesions improved clinically, with no mycological or complete clinical cure. |
5-ALA: 5-aminolevulinic acid; aPDT: antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; LED: light-emitting diode; PS: photosensitizer.