Table 2.
Concordance Between The Proportions Of Anticholinergic Identified By The Beers Criteria And Various Anticholinergic Scales
| Anticholinergic Scale | Beers Criteria 2003 | Beers Criteria 2012 | Beers Criteria 2015 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PIMs | Non-PIMs | PIMs | Non-PIMs | PIMs | Non-PIMs | |
| ACB, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 28 (13.0) | 40 (18.5) | 41 (19.0) | 27 (12.5) | 43 (19.9) | 25 (11.6) |
| Point > 0 | 123 (56.9) | 25 (11.6) | 144 (66.7) | 4 (1.9) | 144 (66.7) | 4 (1.9) |
| Agreement (%) | 75.463 | 79.167 | 78.241 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.424 (0.294–0.555) | 0.434 (0.307–0.561) | 0.403 (0.275–0.531) | |||
| ARS, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 41 (19.0) | 46 (21.3) | 56 (25.9) | 31 (14.4) | 58 (26.9) | 29 (13.4) |
| Point > 0 | 110 (50.9) | 19 (8.8) | 129 (59.7) | 0 (0.0) | 129 (59.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Agreement (%) | 72.222 | 74.074 | 73.148 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.398 (0.274–0.522) | 0.398 (0.290–0.506) | 0.374 (0.267–0.481) | |||
| Chew, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 60 (27.8) | 34 (15.7) | 67 (31.0) | 27 (12.5) | 69 (31.9) | 25 (11.6) |
| Point > 0 | 91 (42.1) | 31 (14.4) | 118 (54.6) | 4 (1.9) | 118 (54.6) | 4 (1.9) |
| Agreement (%) | 57.870 | 67.130 | 66.204 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.112 (−0.017–0.240) | 0.276 (0.171–0.380) | 0.253 (0.151–0.356) | |||
| ADS, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 30 (13.9) | 35 (16.2) | 35 (16.2) | 30 (13.9) | 36 (16.7) | 29 (13.4) |
| Point > 0 | 121 (56.0) | 30 (13.9) | 150 (69.4) | 1 (0.5) | 151 (69.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| Agreement (%) | 72.222 | 83.333 | 83.333 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.340 (0.205–0.475) | 0.535 (0.411–0.659) | 0.530 (0.406–0.654) | |||
| AAS, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 83 (38.4) | 42 (19.4) | 97 (44.9) | 28 (13.0) | 99 (45.8) | 26 (12.0) |
| Point > 0 | 68 (31.5) | 23 (10.6) | 88 (40.7) | 3 (1.4) | 88 (40.7) | 3 (1.4) |
| Agreement (%) | 50.926 | 53.704 | 52.778 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.076 (−0.036–0.189) | 0.168 (0.092–0.244) | 0.153 (0.079–0.227) | |||
| ALS, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 37 (17.1) | 39 (18.1) | 50 (23.1) | 26 (12.0) | 51 (23.6) | 25 (11.6) |
| Point > 0 | 114 (52.8) | 26 (12.0) | 135 (62.5) | 5 (2.3) | 136 (63.0) | 4 (1.9) |
| Agreement (%) | 70.833 | 74.537 | 74.537 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.339 (0.207–0.470) | 0.354 (0.233–0.476) | 0.350 (0.230–0.470) | |||
| CrAS, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 41 (19.0) | 38 (17.6) | 49 (22.7) | 30 (13.9) | 50 (23.1) | 29 (13.4) |
| Point > 0 | 110 (50.9) | 27 (12.5) | 136 (63.0) | 1 (0.5) | 137 (63.4) | 0 (0.0) |
| Agreement (%) | 68.519 | 76.852 | 76.852 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.295 (0.163–0.427) | 0.427 (0.312–0.543) | 0.424 (0.310–0.538) | |||
| Duran, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 28 (13.0) | 32 (14.8) | 33 (15.3) | 27 (12.5) | 34 (15.7) | 26 (12.0) |
| Point > 0 | 123 (56.9) | 33 (15.3) | 152 (70.4) | 4 (1.9) | 153 (70.8) | 3 (1.4) |
| Agreement (%) | 71.759 | 82.870 | 82.870 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.314 (0.177–0.451) | 0.499 (0.366−0.631) | 0.492 (0.360–0.625) | |||
| ABC, n (%) | ||||||
| Point = 0 | 67 (31.2) | 56 (26.0) | 95 (44.2) | 28 (13.0) | 97 (45.1) | 26 (12.1) |
| Point > 0 | 84 (39.1) | 8 (3.7) | 89 (41.4) | 3 (1.4) | 89 (41.4) | 3 (1.4) |
| Agreement (%) | 65.116 | 54.419 | 53.488 | |||
| Kappa (95% CI) | 0.341 (0.237–0.445) | 0.173 (0.096–0.251) | 0.158 (0.083–0.234) | |||
Abbreviations: PIMs, potentially inappropriate medications; ACB, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Scale; ARS, Anticholinergic Risk Scale; Chew, Chew’s Scale; ADS, Anticholinergic Drug Scale; AAS, Anticholinergic Activity Scale; ALS, Anticholinergic Load Scale; CrAS, Clinician-Rated Anticholinergic Scale; Duran, Duran’s Scale; ABC, Anticholinergic Burden Classification.