Table 2.

Connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary manifestations

	SSc	PM/DM	RA	Primary Sjögren	MCTD	SLE
ILD	+++	+++	++	++	++	+
Airways	—	—	++	++	+	+
Pleural	—	—	++	+	+	+++
Vascular	+++	+	—	+	++	+
DAH	—	—	—	—	—	++

Definition of abbreviations: DAH = diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; ILD = interstitial lung disease; MCTD = mixed connective tissue disease; PM/DM = polymyositis/dermatomyositis; RA = rheumatoid arthritis; SLE = systemic lupus erythematosus; SSc = systemic sclerosis.

The number of + signs indicates relative prevalence of each manifestation. Adapted by permission from Reference 4.