Table 5. Rankings of candidate reference 10 candidate reference genes in leaf or root tissue samples treated with three stresses, using the geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper algorithms.
| Gene | Leaf tissue samples in cranberry | Root tissue samples in cranberry | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| geNorm | NormFinder | Bestkeeper | Com. | geNorm | NormFinder | Bestkeeper | Com. | |||||||||
| M | Rank | S | Rank | SD | CV(%) | Rank | Rank | M | Rank | S | Rank | SD | CV(%) | Rank | Rank | |
| ACTIN | 1.419 | 8 | 0.405 | 9 | 1.525 | 5.795 | 10 | 9 | 0.986 | 6 | 0.276 | 5 | 0.808 | 3.007 | 5 | 6 |
| CYP 2 | 1.213 | 4 | 0.326 | 6 | 0.871 | 4.231 | 3 | 3 | 0.957 | 4 | 0.279 | 6 | 0.628 | 2.888 | 3 | 5 |
| EF-1α | 1.852 | 10 | 0.564 | 10 | 1.457 | 6.015 | 9 | 10 | 0.919 | 3 | 0.258 | 4 | 0.611 | 2.377 | 1 | 1 |
| F-box | 1.431 | 9 | 0.394 | 8 | 0.899 | 2.880 | 1 | 7 | 1.254 | 10 | 0.409 | 10 | 1.229 | 4.059 | 9 | 10 |
| GAPDH | 1.237 | 5 | 0.323 | 4 | 1.153 | 4.059 | 5 | 5 | 0.957 | 5 | 0.223 | 2 | 0.874 | 2.840 | 4 | 3 |
| 18s rRNA | 1.187 | 3 | 0.287 | 1 | 0.983 | 3.631 | 2 | 1 | 1.215 | 9 | 0.389 | 9 | 0.769 | 2.781 | 2 | 7 |
| PP2A | 1.176 | 2 | 0.324 | 5 | 1.140 | 4.273 | 6 | 3 | 1.057 | 7 | 0.347 | 7 | 1.016 | 3.789 | 8 | 8 |
| RH 8 | 1.299 | 7 | 0.374 | 7 | 1.317 | 4.766 | 7 | 8 | 0.840 | 1 | 0.192 | 1 | 0.881 | 3.236 | 6 | 1 |
| SAND | 1.112 | 1 | 0.287 | 2 | 1.135 | 3.935 | 4 | 2 | 0.885 | 2 | 0.234 | 3 | 0.971 | 3.363 | 7 | 4 |
| TUBB | 1.241 | 6 | 0.307 | 3 | 1.439 | 5.355 | 8 | 6 | 1.195 | 8 | 0.379 | 8 | 1.385 | 5.008 | 10 | 9 |
| Best gene | SAND | 18s rRNA | F-box | 18s rRNA | RH 8 | RH 8 | EF-1α |
EF-1α/ RH 8 |
||||||||
| Worst gene | EF-1α | EF-1α | ACTIN | EF-1α | F-box | F-box | TUBB | F-box | ||||||||
| Best combination |
PP2A & SAND (0.121) |
PP2A & CYP2 (0.190) |
ACTIN & GAPDH (0.130) | EF-1α & RH 8 (0.107) | ||||||||||||
M: Stability value determined by geNorm analysis. A lower M value indicates higher expression stability; S: Stability value determined by NormFinder analysis. A lower S value indicates higher expression stability; SD: Standard Deviation calculated by BestKeeper analysis. A lower SD value indicates higher expression stability; CV (%): Coefficient of Variation calculated by BestKeeper analysis. A lower CV value indicates higher expression stability; Com.: Comprehensive ranking, which corresponds to the geometric mean of ranks determined by the geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper algorithms.