Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients categorized by quartile of serum total adiponectin.
| Quartile of serum total adiponectin (Total adiponectin level (μg/mL)) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (0.84–3.56) | Q2 (3.57–5.28) | Q3 (5.29–7.87) | Q4 (7.88–41.59) | P value | |
| Number in each quartile | 308 | 308 | 306 | 306 | |
| Age (years) | 62.7 ± 9.5** | 64.7 ± 9.9** | 67.6 ± 8.6** | 70.2 ± 7.7 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 248 (81) | 194 (63) | 153 (50) | 120 (39) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.6 ± 3.4** | 25.6 ± 3.9* | 25.1 ± 3.8 | 24.7 ± 4.2 | 0.002 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 151.4 ± 16.6 | 150.5 ± 15.7 | 150.0 ± 14.5 | 149.9 ± 16.0 | 0.872 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 86.7 ± 11.4** | 85.1 ± 11.9** | 83.7 ± 11.1* | 81.0 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate (b.p.m) | 72.9 ± 11.0 | 71.7 ± 10.0 | 71.6 ± 11.6 | 72.6 ± 11.2 | 0.508 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 218 (71) | 191 (62) | 199 (65) | 211 (69) | 0.103 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 193 (63) | 178 (58) | 167 (55) | 166 (54) | 0.122 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 80 (26) | 61 (20) | 42 (14) | 33 (11) | <0.001 |
|
Previous cardiovascular disease, n (%) |
158 (51.3) | 176 (57.1) | 183 (59.8) | 181 (59.2) | 0.131 |
| Allocation to ARB therapy, n (%) | 142 (46.1) | 162 (52.6) | 160 (52.3) | 151 (49.3) | 0.335 |
| HMW adiponectin (μg/mL) |
0.86** (0.62–1.14) |
1.84** (1.57–2.16) |
3.32** (2.75–3.87) |
6.44 (5.24–8.83) |
<0.001 |
| HMW/total adiponectin ratio | 0.31 ± 0.11** | 0.43 ± 0.09** | 0.51 ± 0.09** | 0.62 ± 0.09 | <0.001 |
| Plasma BNP (pg/mL) |
12.2** (6.2–21.9) |
16.6** (8.2–28.7) |
18.8** (9.3–37.7) |
31.2 (16.9–61.0) |
<0.001 |
|
UACR (mg/g creatinine) |
24.7 (11.5–71.7) |
25.5 (10.6–88.3) |
22.3 (10.8–98.7) |
33.8 (11.7–105.8) |
0.125 |
|
eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) |
75.1** (65.0–88.7) |
72.2** (61.7–85.7) |
68.5 (57.2–83.8) |
67.5 (55.8–78.8) |
<0.001 |
| hsCRP (ng/mL) |
793** (413–1838) |
637** (348–1188) |
561** (283–1258) |
400 (178–892) |
<0.001 |
| Urinary 8-OHdG(ng/mL) |
11.0** (6.7–17.4) |
9.9 (5.8–14.6) |
9.1 (5.2–14.5) |
8.8 (5.1–14.2) |
0.001 |
| Serum or plasma values | |||||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 ± 0.20 | 0.78 ± 0.23 | 0.79 ± 0.25 | 0.79 ± 0.26 | 0.570 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.26 ± 0.48* | 4.27 ± 0.55 | 4.30 ± 0.46 | 4.37 ± 0.58 | 0.029 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 197 ± 36 | 197 ± 40 | 196 ± 34 | 194 ± 33 | 0.677 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 116 ± 31** | 114 ± 30* | 112 ± 28* | 107 ± 29 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51 ± 11** | 55 ± 12** | 56 ± 13** | 62 ± 15 | <0.001 |
| Blood sugar (mg/dL) | 144 ± 62* | 132 ± 52 | 131 ± 53 | 132 ± 56 | 0.015 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.6 ± 1.3** | 6.3 ± 1.2 | 6.3 ± 1.1 | 6.3 ± 1.1 | 0.001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.6 ± 1.3** | 5.4 ± 1.4** | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 5.1 ± 1.3 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; ARB, antihypertensive treatment with angiotensin II receptor blocker; HMW, high molecular weight; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; UACR, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; hsCRP, high sensitive C-reactive protein; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein. HMW adiponectin, plasma BNP, UACR, eGFR, hsCRP and urinary 8-OHdG are expressed as median with interquartile range. Other data are mean ± s.d. for continuous values and number (%) for categorical variables. P-value was calculated using Steel-Dwass or Tukey’s multiple comparison test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs Q4.