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. 2019 Nov 12;9:16613. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53147-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Histological analysis after NTX treatment. (A) Histological images representing hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining (1^st row), immunohistochemistry images of Ki-67, (2^nd row), APE-1 (3^rd row) and TUNEL staining (4^th row) for the control and NTX groups (×400 for H&E and ×200 for immunohistochemistry). (B–D) The cellularity (P = 0.0071) evaluated by H&E, Ki-67 (P = 0.0180), and APE-1 (P = 0.0180) was significantly decreased in the NTX group compared to the control group. (E) Moreover, apoptotic cells, evaluated by TUNEL assay, were significantly increased in the NTX group (P = 0.0071). (F,G) The tumor cellularity and level of APE-1 showed a negative correlation with the ADC value (P = 0.0089, R² = 0.71) and (P = 0.0031, R² = 0.79), respectively, in both the control and NTX groups.