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. 2019 Nov 12;9:16636. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53305-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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ALA ameliorated body weight loss, bloody diarrhea, and colon shortening in DSS colitis mice. (A) Body weight changes following DSS induction of colitis. Data were plotted as a percentage of basal body weight. (B) The occurrence of bloody diarrhea. Data were plotted as percentage of total mice that had bloody diarrhea at different time points of DSS treatment. Macroscopic observation (C) and assessment of colon shortening (D) at the end of mice study. Data were expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 10 mice per group). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. DSS model group; ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs.control group; ns, no significance.