Table 2.

Candidate genes for improving salt tolerance in sugar beet.

Candidate genes	Species	Function	Reference
BvCMO	Beta vulgaris	Synthesis of glycinebetaine	Zhang et al., 2008
BvSOD	B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Hossain et al., 2017b; Bor et al., 2003
BvPrx	B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Hossain et al., 2017b; Bor et al., 2003
BvCAT	B. maritime and B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Bor et al., 2003
BvGR	B. maritime and B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Bor et al., 2003
BvAPX	B. maritime and B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Dunajska-Ordak et al., 2014
BvPOX	B. maritime and B. vulgaris	Removing accumulation of ROS	Yolcu et al., 2016
BvNHX1	B. vulgaris	Vacuolar sequestration of sodium	Adler et al., 2010
MYB transcription factor	B. vulgaris	Regulating expression of NHX1	Adler et al., 2010
bHLH transcription factor	B. maritime and B. vulgaris	Regulating salt stress response	Skorupa et al., 2019
PM H + -ATPase	B. vulgaris	Maintaining ion homeostasis	Kirsch et al., 1996; Wakeel et al., 2010
BvM14-SAMS2	BvM14	Synthesis of polyamines	Ma et al., 2017
BvM14-SAMDC	BvM14	Synthesis of polyamines	Ji et al., 2019
BvM14-glyoxalase I	BvM14	Detoxifying methylglyoxal	Wu et al., 2013b
BvM14-cystatin	BvM14	Increasing salt tolerance	Wang et al., 2012
BvCK2	B. vulgaris	Signal transduction and stress response	Kanhonou et al., 2001

NHX, Na⁺/H⁺ antiporters; SOD, superoxide dismutases; Prx, peroxiredoxins; POX, peroxidase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; GR, glutathione reductase; SAMDC, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase; SAMS, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; CK2, casein kinase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; AOX, alternative oxidase; CMO, choline monooxygenase.