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. 2019 Nov 6;9:365. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00365

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Copyright © 2019 Gressler, Heddergott, N'Go, Renga, Oikonomou, Moretti, Coddeville, Gaifem, Silvestre, Romani, Latgé and Fontaine.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Reduced severity of DSS colitis in C57BL/6 mice treated with modified GAG molecules. DSS or water vehicle was administered ad libitum in drinking water for 7 days. Native GAG polymer and GAG oligomers at the dose of 1 mg/kg were given intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days after DSS treatment. (A) Survival, weight (grams) and clinical disease activity index. (B) Macroscopic image of colons. (C) Histological assessment of colitis severity (20X magnification, bar = 200 μm). (D) Levels of colonic cytokines. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 GAGs-treated vs. untreated (None) C57BL/6 mice (n = 10 mice/group from one experiment). ns, not significant.