Table 3.

Risk factors for poor clinical outcomes after minimally invasive lumbar decompression surgery.

Explanatory variable	Odds ratio	95% CI	P value
Age	1.04	0.96–1.13	0.321
Gender (Female)	1.39	0.48–4.00	0.546
JOA score before surgery	1.11	0.98–1.27	0.085
Stage of sarcopenia
Low muscle mass	1.99	0.65–6.10	0.228
Low muscle strength	1.49	0.20–2.26	0.360
Low physical performance	5.15	1.64–16.12	0.005