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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Stimul. 2019 Jul 23;12(6):1439–1447. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.07.015

Fig. 7. Laser-mediated thermal neuromodulation.

Fig. 7.

a: Temperature change caused by laser heating in thalamus at tip of fiberoptic catheter as a function of time. Red bar indicates time when the laser was applied. An approximately 2 °C steady state change is observed within a minute of application of the laser. b: Average SSEP waveform during Baseline, Laser Neuromodulation, and during the Washout or recovery period. c: Peak-to-peak (P1 to P2) of the SSEP during the Laser application. Red bar indicates time when the laser is on. Electrical stimulation (600 μs) of the tibial nerve was delivered at the zero timepoint by S where stimulation artifacts are truncated.