Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Control | Intervention | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 113) | (N = 54) | P value | |
| Age | |||
| Mean | SD | 65.2 | 13.5 | 62.7 | 10.9 | .243 |
| ≤60 | 31 (27.4) | 24 (44.4) | |
| 60‐70 | 31 (27.4) | 12 (22.2) | |
| ≥70 | 51 (45.1) | 18 (33.3) | |
| IPSS | |||
| Mean | SD | 19.0 (6.3) | 17.7 (6.1) | .232 |
| Mild (0‐7) | 5 (4.4) | 3 (5.6) | |
| Moderate (8‐19) | 58 (51.3) | 29 (53.7) | |
| Severe (>20) | 50 (44.2) | 22 (40.7) | |
| IPSS QoL | |||
| Median | IQR | 4.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | .604 |
| OABq | |||
| Median | IQR | 40.0 | 26.7 | 38.3 | 30.0 | .625 |
| Education | |||
| None or elementary school only | 14 (12.4) | 4 (7.4) | .666 |
| Lower education | 32 (28.3) | 13 (24.1) | |
| Secondary education | 27 (23.9) | 14 (24.6) | |
| Higher education | 40 (35.4) | 23 (42.6) | |
| eHEALS | |||
| Median | IQR | 24.0 | 10.0 | 29.0 | 8.3 | .004 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| One or more | 53 (46.9) | 21 (38.9) | .405 |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 31 (27.4) | 12 (22.2) | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 18 (15.9) | 8 (14.8) | |
| Parkinson disease | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| COPD | 9 (8.0) | 5 (9.3) | |
| Sleep apnoea | 16 (14.2) | 4 (7.4) | |
| CVA | 4 (3.5) | 2 (3.7) | |
| Treatment by GP | 73 (64.6) | 29 (53.7) | 0.235 |
| BMI | |||
| Median | IQR | 26.2 | 5.4 | 26.0 | 4.4 | 0.640 |
| ≤25 | 43 (38.1) | 16 (29.6) | |
| 25‐30 | 53 (46.9) | 27 (50.0) | |
| ≥30 | 17 (15.0) | 10 (18.5) |
Note: Outcomes are presented as frequencies and percentages unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; eHEALS, eHealth literacy scale; GP, general practitioner; IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score; IQR, interquartile range; OABq, Overactive Bladder Questionnaire; QoL, quality of life; SD, standard deviation.