Table 4.
Seroprevalence of Cache Valley virus (CVV) reported in populations of sheep and goats in 16 studies from Argentina, Canada, Mexico and the USA
| Location | Study date | Host species |
Seroprevalence +/N (%) |
Screening type | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | |||||
| Córdoba | 1962–1963 | Capra aegagrus | 1/34 (2.9%)a | General Population | Sabattini et al. (1965) |
| Mexico | |||||
| Coahuila, Nuevo Leon & Tamaulipas | 1989 | Ovis musimon | 1/6 (16.7%) | General Population | Aguirre, McLean, Cook, and Quan (1992) |
| Nuevo Leon | 1988 | Ovis aries | 5/44 (11.4%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Yucatan | 2007–2008 | Ovis aries | 3/31 (9.7%) | General Population | Blitvich, Saiyasombat, Da Rosa, et al. (2012), Blitvich, Saiyasombat, DaRosa, et al. (2012) |
| USA | |||||
| California, Oregon and Washington | 2011 | Ovis aries | 12/686 (1.7%)b | General population | Meyers et al. (2015) |
| Colorado | 1981 | Ovis aries | 1/8 (12.5%) | General population | Chung (1992) |
| Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas, Utah & Wyoming | 2011 | Ovis aries | 130/2459 (5.3%)b | General population | Meyers et al. (2015) |
| Illinois | 1988 | Ovis aries | 6/6 (100%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Indiana | 1992 | Capra aegagrus | 3/4 (75.0%) | General population | Blackmore (1996) |
| Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin | 2011 | Ovis aries | 319/2005 (15.9%)b | General population | Meyers et al. (2015) |
| Kansas | 1981 | Ovis aries | 3/21 (14.3%) | General population | Chung (1992) |
| Kansas and Texas | 1991–1992 | Ovis aries | 336/1100 (30.5%) | General population | Shelton et al.. (1994) |
| Maryland and Virginia | 1962 | Capra aegagrus | 4/13 (30.8%)b | General population | Buescher et al. (1970) |
| Maryland and Virginia | 1962 | Ovis aries | 6/22 (27.3%)b | General population | Buescher et al. (1970) |
| Maryland | 1990 | Ovis aries | 9/9 (100%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Michigan | 1986 | Ovis aries | 9/10 (90%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Montana | 2013–2014 | Ovis aries | 1/104 (1.0%) | General population | Johnson et al. (2014) |
| Nebraska | 1987 | Ovis aries | 15/19 (78.9%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| New York | 1989 | Ovis aries | 2/5 (40%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Oklahoma | 1988 | Ovis aries | 5/17 (29.4%) | Ewes with adverse birth outcomes | Chung (1992) |
| Texas | 1981 | Ovis aries | 7/20 (35.0%) | General population | Chung et al. (1991), Chung (1992) |
| Texas | 1981 | Ovis aries | 1/61 (1.6%) | General population | McConnell et al. (1985) |
| Texas | 1981 | Ovis aries | 1/1 (100%) | General population | McConnell et al. (1985), McConnell, Livingston, Calisher and Crandell (1987) |
| Texas | 1983 | Ovis ammon | 2/2 (100%) | General population | McConnell et al. (1987) |
| Texas | 1986 | Ovis aries | 9/104 (8.7%) | Outbreak population | Chung et al. (1991), Chung (1992) |
| Texas | 1986 | Ovis aries | (5%)c | Outbreak population | Edwards et al. (1988) |
| Texas | 1987 | Ovis aries | (78%)c | Outbreak population | Edwards et al. (1988) |
| Texas | 1987 | Ovis aries | 3/5 (60%)d | Outbreak population | Edwards et al. (1988) |
| Texas | 1988 | Ovis aries | 5/44 (11.4%) | Outbreak population | Chung et al. (1991), Chung (1992) |
| Texas | 1989 | Ovis aries | 64/89 (71.9%) | Outbreak population | Chung et al. (1991), Chung (1992) |
| Wyoming | 1981 | Ovis aries | 1/3 (33.3%) | General population | Chung et al. (1991) Chung (1992) |
| Canada | |||||
| Saskatchewan | 2013–2014 | Ovis aries |
84/130sheep (64.6%) 47/50 flocks (94.0%) |
General population | Uehlinger et al. (2018) |
a
The isolate used to make the antigenic test in this study was BeAr 7272, which has been reclassified as Maguari virus.
b
Number of positive cases estimated from data provided in the study.
c
N value not reported.
d
CVV was isolated from all three seropositive ewes.