Table 1.

Treatment Regimens

Treatment Regimen	Clinician Administered Loading Dose	Demand Dose Via PCA	Clinician Administered Supplemental Dose
Placebo	Volume‐matched	Volume‐matched	Volume‐matched
Oliceridine 0.1 mg regimen	1.5 mg	0.1 mg	0.75 mg
Oliceridine 0.35 mg regimen	1.5 mg	0.35 mg	0.75 mg
Oliceridine 0.5 mg regimen	1.5 mg	0.5 mg	0.75 mg
Morphine 1 mg regimen	4 mg	1 mg	2 mg

Clinician administered supplemental dosing could start 1 hour after the loading dose and be administered up to hourly, as needed. Further open‐label rescue pain medication (oral etodolac 200 mg every 6 hours) was permitted, as needed. PCA had a 6‐minute lockout.

PCA, patient‐controlled analgesia device.