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. 2019 Nov 6;10:1290. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01290

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Copyright © 2019 Zhao, Liu, Ma, Ma, Chen, Yuan, Chen and Zhao

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) is the downstream target of the MAPK/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway that promotes interleukin 6 (IL-6)–induced matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression. (A) and (B) RT-qPCR analysis of ERRγ, MMP9, MMP13 VEGFA, COL2, AGG, HIF-1α, and ERRα in chondrocytes treated with IL-6 (n = 3) to confirm the optimal stimulation concentration and time. (C) and (D) Images of COL2 and AGG immunofluorescence staining in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) treated with IL-6 (20 ng/ml) for 12 h (n = 3). All experiments were performed in triplicate, and the results are expressed as the mean ± SD. NS not significant. Scale bar: 50 μm.