Table 1.

Results of linear mixed models for plant community variables

				Contrasts
Fixed effects variable	df	F	P	Low–medium	Low–high	Medium–high
All plants richness, square‐root transformed
Diversity	2,34.0	5.80	0.007	M > L, 0.044	H > L, 0.009	0.942
Height	2,33.9	3.84	0.031	0.507	0.218	M > H, 0.026
Not‐sown plants richness, untransformed
Diversity	2,34.0	1.70	0.197	0.991	0.263	0.283
Height	2,33.9	7.07	0.003	0.649	L > H, 0.022	M > H, 0.003
Not sown plants cover, 1/4‐power transformed
Diversity	2,34.1	3.45	0.043	0.882	L > H, 0.043	0.189
Height	2,33.9	2.38	0.108	0.224	0.914	0.107

Significant effects (P < 0.05) are indicated in boldface type. Contrasts are the results of least‐squares means (see subsection Plants and invertebrates: effects of vegetation height and diversity treatments for details). Where there was a significant difference between treatments, the direction of the effect is indicated. Refer to Fig. 2 for the differences between treatment means.