Table 2.

Bead transit time through the entire isolated rat colon

Groups			Transit time (sec/mm)
			Before treatment	After treatment
Bethanechol	6 μmol/L	(n = 5)	50.9 ± 6.0	12.4 ± 4.8†
DKT	200 μg/mL	(n = 5)	85.5 ± 15.7	6.3 ± 2.5*
HAS	3 μmol/L	(n = 6)	68.6 ± 10.9	19.5 ± 3.9†

The bead transit time, defined as the time required for the bead to reach the anal side from the onset of movement in the oral side, was calculated from an analysis of video images of rat colons. Data are calculated by dividing time by transit distance. The muscarinic 3 receptor agonist bethanechol (6 μmol/L), DKT (200 μg/mL), and HAS (3 μmol/L) treatment significantly reduced bead transit time compared with that before treatment in isolated colons. Each point is presented as mean ± standard error (n = 5 or 6). *, †: P < .05, .01 after treatment vs before treatment according to the paired t test.

Abbreviations: DKT, daikenchuto; HAS, hydroxy‐α sanshool.