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. 2019 Jul 23;12(10):1440–1462. doi: 10.1002/aur.2170

Table 2.

TOJ, SJ, and TBW in ASC Children and Adolescents

Sample Sensorial Modality Tasks Findings Commentaries
ASC NT
De Boer‐Schellekens, Eussen, & Vroomen [2013], De Boer‐Schellekens, Keetels, et al. [2013] n 16 16 Bimodal (A‐V) handclap speech flash/beep TOJa Lower time sensitivity in ASC group Small sample
Age 19.3 (2.4) 19.3 (1.3)
IQ 106.2 (14.1) 106.6 (8.4) No differences between conditions
De Boer‐Schellekens, Eussen, and Vroomen [2013] n 35 40 Visual TOJ Lower time sensitivity in ASC group
Age 18.8 (2.1) 18.8 (1.3)
IQ 103.2 (14.6) 107.9 (9.1)
Kwakye et al. [2011] n 35 27 Visual TOJ No differences in visual thresholds
Age 12.21 (2.7) 11.73 (2.4) Auditory
IQ 102.9 (18.7) 109.5 (10.8) Bimodal Less temporal sensitivity in auditory stimuli in ASC
Larger TBW in ASC
Puts et al. [2014] n 27 54 Tactile TOJ No differences on TOJ tasks between groups Differences between groups in IQ
Age 10.7 (1.015) 10.08 (1.28)
IQ 103.14 (14.93) 117.33 (12.24)
Stevenson et al. [2014] n 32 32 Bimodal flash‐beep, tool, syllable TOJ

Wider TBW in ASC for speech stimuli

No differences for flash‐beep and tool stimuli

Differences between groups in verbal IQ
Age 11.8 (3.2) 12.3 (2.3) SJb
IQ 57.5 (8.4) 53.7 (8)
Wada et al. [2014] n 10 10 Tactile TOJ Reduced temporal sensitivity in ASC Small sample
Age 11.8 (0.7) 11.7 (0.7)
IQ 100.7 (6.5) 101.6 (2.4) No detriment in performance when hands‐crossed in ASC
Noel et al. [2016] n 26 26 Bimodal flash‐beep, tool, syllable TOJ
Age 12.3 (3.05) 11.6 (3.79) SJ
IQ 111.52 (14.73) 112.18 (7.56) Wider TBW in ASC for speech stimuli. No differences in flash‐beep and tool
Foss‐Feig et al. [2010] n 21 17 Bimodal flash‐beep Flash‐beep illusion Wider TBW in ASC
Age 12.8 (2.61) 12.9 (2.2)
IQ 108.45 (18.7) 107.19 (9.3)

Irwin et al. [2011]

n 13

13

Bimodal (A‐V) Asynchrony

ASC sample performed similarly with mental age matched, but not with chronological age

No differences between groups

Small sample
Age 9.08

9.16

Bebko et al. [2006] n 16 15 DD/16 NH Bimodal (A‐V) Preferential looking ASC only showed preferential looking for asynchronous non‐linguistic events Small sample
Age 5.49 (0.51) 4.88 (0.72) DD/2.36 (0.68) NH

Greenfield et al. [2015]

n 29 29CA/29MA Bimodal (A‐V) Rubber hand illusion ASC sample performed similarly with mental age matched, but not with chronological age
Age 12.64 (1.9) 12.18 (1.78) CA/7.88 (1.39)
Grossman et al. [2015] n 30 30 Bimodal (A‐V) Eye‐tracking

Less gaze to in‐synch condition in ASC

Less gaze time to mouth area in ASC

Age 11:10 (1:4) 12:5 (0.11)
IQ 104 (15.9) 109 (11.2)
a

Temporal order judgment.

b

Simultaneity judgment.