Figure 1.

Alternative activation of J774.IL-4 macrophages. J774, J774.vec or J774.IL4 cells were grown for 12 h in the presence (50 ng/ml) or absence of DOX. IL-4 secretion (a) in culture media was measured by ELISA, cellular arginase activity (b) was determined using the QuantiChrom Arginase Assay Kit, and cellular morphology (c) was visualized (400× phase contrast microscopy) 24 h after LVS inoculation (10 MOI). *P < 0.05 between indicated groups. ǂP < 0.05 between the indicated J774.IL4 and respective J774 and J774.vec groups.

BCG: Bacillus Calmette Guẻrin; DOX: doxycycline; LVS: live vaccine strain.