Table 2.
Data from tests assessing inhibitory control, declarative memory, and neuroelectric modulation of attention for resting football (RF), small‐sided walking football (SWF), and small‐sided real football (SRF)
| Measure | SRF | SWF | RF | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow‐up | Baseline | Follow‐up | Baseline | Follow‐up | |
| Inhibitory control performance | ||||||
| Accuracy (% correct): congruent trials | 93.6 (78.9, 108.4) | 94.8 (85.4, 104.2) | 94.3 (80.1, 108.7) | 96.2 (85.6, 107) | 92.0 (74.3, 109.9) | 95.5 (81.2, 110) |
| Accuracy (% correct): Incongruent trials | 80.6 (59, 102.3) | 86.2* (68.3, 104.2) | 81.1 (58.2, 104) | 85.8 (63.1, 108.6) | 82.2 (61.8, 102.7) | 89.5* (71.1, 108) |
| Response latency (ms): congruent trials | 484 (351, 618) | 498 (365, 632) | 478 (362, 595) | 477 (357, 597) | 496 (361, 632) | 524* (399, 650) |
| Response latency (ms): incongruent trials | 561 (403, 720) | 555 (406, 704) | 543 (391, 696) | 543 (425, 662) | 563 (401, 726) | 584 (440, 728) |
| Interference effect for accuracy | 13.4 (9.9, 17) | 8.6* (6.1, 11.2) | 13.3 (10.2, 16.5) | 10.3 (6.8, 13.9) | 9.5 (6.4, 12.7) | 6.0 (3.5, 8.6) |
| Interference effect for reaction time | 77 (66, 89) | 57* (48, 67) | 65 (52, 79) | 66 (59, 74) | 67 (54, 81) | 59 (46, 73) |
| Declarative memory performance | ||||||
| Acquisition pictures (% correct) | 76.4 (47.1, 105.8) | 51.5* (21.3, 81.8) | 69.4 (38.2, 100.8) | 50.3* (18.3, 82.4) | 71.6 (40.7, 102.6) | 49.1* (18.7, 79.6) |
| Neutral pictures (% correct) | 98.2 (93.8, 102.7) | 84.5* (64.1, 105) | 94.5 (73.2, 116) | 85.4* (58.6, 112.3) | 98.1 (92.7, 103.7) | 87.5* (83.6, 91.5) |
| Total pictures (% correct) | 90.9 (80.4, 101.6) | 68* (53.2, 82.9) | 85.6 (66, 105.4) | 67.8* (52.6, 83.1) | 89.3 (78.7, 100.0) | 68.5* (54.8, 82.3) |
| Neuroelectric modulation of attention | ||||||
| Amplitude Fz congruent trials (μV) | 1.5 (−2.1, 5.1) | 4.4*, # (−0.4, 9.2) | 1.0 (−3.4, 5.4) | 1.6 (−2.6, 5.8) | 2.7 (−0.3, 5.7) | 3.5 (−0.3, 7.3) |
| Amplitude Cz congruent trials (μV) | 8.1 (1.1, 15.2) | 9.5* (2.1, 17) | 7.8 (1.2, 14.5) | 7.7 (1.3, 14.2) | 8.4 (2.4, 14.5) | 8.1 (2.5, 13.8) |
| Amplitude Poz congruent trials (μV) | 17.3 (7, 27.7) | 17.5 (7.9, 27.2) | 14.1 (4.7, 23.6) | 15.0 (6.2, 23.9) | 12.6 (4.4, 20.9) | 13.2 (5.8, 20.7) |
| Amplitude Fz incongruent trials (μV) | 2.1 (−1.9, 6.1) | 4.7*, # , § (−0.4, 9.8) | 1.5 (−4.2, 7.2) | 2.0 (−2.6, 6.6) | 4.0 (−0.4, 8.4) | 3.3 (−1.3, 7.9) |
| Amplitude Cz incongruent trials (μV) | 11.1 (2.1, 20.2) | 11.7 (1.9, 21.5) | 10.1 (1.5, 18.8) | 9.9 (9.4, 10.5) | 11.6 (5, 18.3) | 10.5 (2.7, 18.4) |
| Amplitude Poz incongruent trials (μV) | 16.3 (5.6, 27.1) | 15.3 (5.4, 25.3) | 14.1 (4.2, 24.1) | 14.6 (5.4, 23.9) | 12.9 (3.5, 22.4) | 12.4 (4.8, 20.1) |
| Latency Fz congruent trials (ms) | 499 (297, 701) | 462* (324, 601) | 503 (310, 697) | 508 (335, 682) | 446 (286, 607) | 480 (336, 625) |
| Latency Cz congruent trials (ms) | 494 (319, 669) | 467 (346, 590) | 508# (350, 667) | 495 (331, 660) | 446 (299, 593) | 483 (318, 649) |
| Latency POz congruent trials (ms) | 404 (292, 516) | 396 (296, 497) | 418 (299, 538) | 406 (311, 502) | 416 (312, 522) | 403 (318, 490) |
| Latency Fz incongruent trials (ms) | 508 (340, 677) | 536 (403, 671) | 514 (376, 653) | 526 (361, 692) | 517 (365, 671) | 551 (437, 666) |
| Latency Cz incongruent trials (ms) | 506 (428, 586) | 489 (366, 612) | 511 (403, 620) | 500 (343, 658) | 531 (416, 647) | 528 (389, 668) |
| Latency POz incongruent trials (ms) | 457 (327, 587) | 439 (325, 554) | 504 (359, 649) | 438* (329, 548) | 487 (372, 603) | 400 (320, 561) |
Data for inhibitory control and declarative memory are reported as raw mean values and 95% CI. Data for neuroelectric modulation of attention are reported as baseline‐corrected values from Figure 5.
*
Significant difference from baseline value.
#
Significant difference from RF.
§
Significant difference from SWF (P < 0.05).