Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with early stage pancreatic cancer (N = 49)
| Factors | Surgery (N = 38) | No surgery (N = 11) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | .55 | ||
| Male | 24 (63.2%) | 8 (72.7%) | |
| Female | 14 (36.8%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
| Age (mean, range) | 78 (75–87) | 80 (75–86) | .07 |
| BMI (mean, range) | 21.8 (17.5–26.8) | 22.0 (17.4–25.4) | .81 |
| Smoking | .06 | ||
| Yes | 9 (23.7%) | 5 (55.6%) | |
| No | 29 (76.3%) | 4 (44.4%) | |
| Alcohol | .46 | ||
| Yes | 12 (31.6%) | 4 (44.4%) | |
| No | 26 (68.4%) | 5 (55.6%) | |
| HTN | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 19 (50%) | 5 (50%) | |
| No | 19 (50%) | 5 (50%) | |
| DM | .25 | ||
| Yes | 19 (50%) | 3 (30%) | |
| No | 19 (50%) | 7 (70%) | |
| Charlson comorbidity Index | .92 | ||
| 0 | 16 (42.1%) | 5 (45.5%) | |
| 1 | 14 (36.8%) | 4 (36.4%) | |
| 2 | 6 (15.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| 3 | 2 (5.3%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| ECOG PS | .19 | ||
| 0 | 9 (23.7%) | 2 (18.2%) | |
| 1 | 26 (68.4%) | 6 (54.5%) | |
| 2 | 3 (7.9%) | 2 (18.2%) | |
| 3 | 0 | 1 (9.1%) | |
| Family Hx. of malignancy | .12 | ||
| Yes | 7 (18.4%) | 0 | |
| No | 31 (81.6%) | 11 (100%) | |
| Location of tumor | .85 | ||
| Head | 26 (68.4%) | 8 (72.7%) | |
| Body & Tail | 12 (31.6%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
| Preoperative data (median ± SD) | |||
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.5 ± 1.5 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | .46 |
| INR | 1.04 ± 0.19 | 1.10 ± 0.12 | .57 |
| T. Bil | 0.8 ± 3.3 | 0.7 ± 1.1 | .17 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | .54 |
| CA 19–9 (U/mL) | 175.0 ± 713.8 | 169.2 ± 663.2 | .98 |
| TNM Staging | .32 | ||
| 1 | 3 (7.9%) | 2 (18.2%) | |
| 2 | 35 (92.1%) | 9 (81.8%) | |
| CTx. and/or RTx. | .95 | ||
| Yes | 10 (26.3%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
| No | 28 (73.7%) | 8 (72.7%) | |
BMI body mass index, ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, PS performance status, Hx. history, SD standard deviation, Hb hemoglobin, INR international normalized ratio, T. Bil total bilirubin, CA 19–9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, CTx. chemotherapy, RTx. radiotherapy