Table 6.

Fatty acid composition of the liver of the three deer groups ($n=\mathrm{10}$ per group, means $\pm$ SD).

Liver	Grass	Grass–Papilionaceae	Papilionaceae
Fatty acid	Fatty acid composition, weight percent of total fatty acids
C10:0	$\mathrm{0.02}\pm \mathrm{0.01}$	n.d.	n.d.
C12:0	$\mathrm{0.08}\pm \mathrm{0.09}$	n.d.	n.d.
C14:0	$\mathrm{0.85}\pm \mathrm{0.60}$	$\mathrm{0.73}\pm \mathrm{0.13}$	$\mathrm{0.75}\pm \mathrm{0.12}$
C15:0	$\mathrm{0.86}\pm \mathrm{0.23}$	$\mathrm{0.70}\pm \mathrm{0.04}$	$\mathrm{0.77}\pm \mathrm{0.06}$
C16:0	$\mathrm{14.4}\pm \mathrm{3.09}$	$\mathrm{13.6}\pm \mathrm{1.70}$	$\mathrm{13.0}\pm \mathrm{0.77}$
C16:1 n7	$\mathrm{1.03}\pm \mathrm{0.45}$	$\mathrm{0.87}\pm \mathrm{0.21}$	$\mathrm{0.99}\pm \mathrm{0.19}$
C17:0	$\mathrm{2.59}\pm \mathrm{0.22}$	$\mathrm{2.41}\pm \mathrm{0.17}$	$\mathrm{2.44}\pm \mathrm{0.19}$
C18:0	$\mathrm{32.0}\pm \mathrm{2.33}$	$\mathrm{31.9}\pm \mathrm{2.10}$	$\mathrm{32.1}\pm \mathrm{0.71}$
C18:1 n7	$\mathrm{0.16}\pm \mathrm{0.05}$	$\mathrm{0.12}\pm \mathrm{0.02}$	$\mathrm{0.14}\pm \mathrm{0.02}$
C18:1 n9	$\mathrm{8.20}\pm {\mathrm{1.70}}^{\mathrm{b}}$	$\mathrm{6.30}\pm {\mathrm{0.65}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{5.44}\pm {\mathrm{0.82}}^{\mathrm{a}}$
C18:2 n6	$\mathrm{5.99}\pm {\mathrm{0.80}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{6.56}\pm {\mathrm{0.66}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{8.09}\pm {\mathrm{0.98}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
CLA9c11t	$\mathrm{0.34}\pm {\mathrm{0.09}}^{\mathrm{b}}$	$\mathrm{0.25}\pm {\mathrm{0.08}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{0.23}\pm {\mathrm{0.04}}^{\mathrm{a}}$
CLA10t12c	$\mathrm{0.29}\pm \mathrm{0.25}$	$\mathrm{0.29}\pm \mathrm{0.16}$	$\mathrm{0.14}\pm \mathrm{0.11}$
C18:3 n6	$\mathrm{0.28}\pm \mathrm{0.11}$	$\mathrm{0.22}\pm \mathrm{0.13}$	$\mathrm{0.31}\pm \mathrm{0.11}$
C18:3 n3	$\mathrm{2.25}\pm {\mathrm{0.27}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{2.59}\pm {\mathrm{0.45}}^{\mathrm{ab}}$	$\mathrm{3.05}\pm {\mathrm{0.56}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
C20:0	$\mathrm{0.13}\pm {\mathrm{0.04}}^{\mathrm{b}}$	$\mathrm{0.10}\pm {\mathrm{0.02}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{0.11}\pm {\mathrm{0.02}}^{\mathrm{ab}}$
C20:1 n9	$\mathrm{0.13}\pm \mathrm{0.07}$	$\mathrm{0.14}\pm \mathrm{0.02}$	$\mathrm{0.09}\pm \mathrm{0.05}$
C20:2 n6	$\mathrm{0.32}\pm \mathrm{0.26}$	$\mathrm{0.30}\pm \mathrm{0.11}$	$\mathrm{0.29}\pm \mathrm{0.08}$
C20:3 n6	$\mathrm{1.51}\pm \mathrm{0.34}$	$\mathrm{1.59}\pm \mathrm{0.28}$	$\mathrm{1.69}\pm \mathrm{0.45}$
C20:3 n3	$\mathrm{0.35}\pm {\mathrm{0.09}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{0.44}\pm {\mathrm{0.07}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{0.56}\pm {\mathrm{0.10}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
C20:4 n6	$\mathrm{12.2}\pm {\mathrm{2.62}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{12.8}\pm {\mathrm{0.82}}^{\mathrm{ab}}$	$\mathrm{14.1}\pm {\mathrm{0.45}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
C20:5 n3	$\mathrm{3.28}\pm \mathrm{1.16}$	$\mathrm{3.61}\pm \mathrm{0.74}$	$\mathrm{2.86}\pm \mathrm{0.62}$
C22:0	$\mathrm{0.26}\pm \mathrm{0.18}$	$\mathrm{0.21}\pm \mathrm{0.12}$	$\mathrm{0.11}\pm \mathrm{0.07}$
C22:5 n3	$\mathrm{8.14}\pm \mathrm{2.38}$	$\mathrm{9.59}\pm \mathrm{0.68}$	$\mathrm{9.00}\pm \mathrm{0.52}$
C22:6 n3	$\mathrm{4.48}\pm \mathrm{1.71}$	$\mathrm{4.64}\pm \mathrm{0.96}$	$\mathrm{3.70}\pm \mathrm{1.07}$
$\sum$ saturated	$\mathrm{51.1}\pm \mathrm{5.68}$	$\mathrm{49.7}\pm \mathrm{1.18}$	$\mathrm{49.3}\pm \mathrm{1.01}$
$\sum$ monounsaturated	$\mathrm{9.52}\pm {\mathrm{2.11}}^{\mathrm{b}}$	$\mathrm{7.43}\pm {\mathrm{0.86}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{6.66}\pm {\mathrm{0.90}}^{\mathrm{a}}$
$\sum$ polyunsaturated	$\mathrm{39.4}\pm \mathrm{7.40}$	$\mathrm{42.8}\pm \mathrm{1.08}$	$\mathrm{44.1}\pm \mathrm{1.32}$
$\sum$ n6	$\mathrm{20.3}\pm {\mathrm{3.456}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{21.44}\pm {\mathrm{0.65}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{24.5}\pm {\mathrm{1.27}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
$\sum$ n3	$\mathrm{18.5}\pm \mathrm{4.42}$	$\mathrm{20.9}\pm \mathrm{1.29}$	$\mathrm{19.2}\pm \mathrm{1.15}$
$\sum \mathrm{n}\mathrm{6}/\sum \mathrm{n}\mathrm{3}$	$\mathrm{1.13}\pm {\mathrm{0.20}}^{\mathrm{ab}}$	$\mathrm{1.03}\pm {\mathrm{0.08}}^{\mathrm{a}}$	$\mathrm{1.28}\pm {\mathrm{0.12}}^{\mathrm{b}}$
Unsaturation index	$\mathrm{169.2}\pm \mathrm{31.6}$	$\mathrm{181.7}\pm \mathrm{6.10}$	$\mathrm{179.0}\pm \mathrm{5.83}$
Average chain length	$\mathrm{18.5}\pm \mathrm{0.31}$	$\mathrm{18.6}\pm \mathrm{0.06}$	$\mathrm{18.5}\pm \mathrm{0.06}$

${}^{\mathrm{a},\mathrm{b}}$ Different small uppercase indices mean significant ($P<\mathrm{0.05}$) intergroup differences by ANOVA.