Table 3.

Overlapping symptoms of depression and frailty

Symptom	Depression (DSM-5)a	Possible in frailty
Depressed mood/irritability	Y	Y
Loss of interest	Y	Y
Weight change	Y	Y
Reduced activity	Y	Y
Fatigue/loss of energy	Y	Y
Change in sleep	Y	Y
Decreased concentration	Y	Y
Guilt and feeling worthless	Y	Maybe
Suicidality	Y	Thoughts of dying

^aFive or more of the symptoms are present during the same two-week time frame and represent a change from previous functioning. At least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Additionally, symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impaired function and are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or to another medical condition

DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders