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. 2019 Nov 12;11:94. doi: 10.1186/s13098-019-0491-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Real-time PCR quantification of target genes. Total mRNA of liver tissues were extracted from Zucker lean rats (ZL), vehicle-treated ZDF rats (V) and metformin-treated ZDF rats (Met) after 6-month treatment. Genes with interests were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Similar to the results of microarray assay, gene expression levels of G6PDX, HMGCS1, CYP7a1 and IGFBP1were modified by leptin receptor mutation and corrected by metformin treatment, while the expression level of SCD-1 was not corrected by metformin treatment. Data are mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, V versus ZL; ^#p < 0.05, Met versus V