Table 3.
Confusions of neutral with other emotional expressions: Effect statistics (Z score, P-values, odds ratios) for the standard model and models with better model fit.
| Stimulus | Response | GV | Z | P | PH | 1-β | OR, 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutral | Anger | Diagnostic group | 1.47 | 0.142 | 0.284 | 0.32 | 1.97 [0.80, 4.89] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 3.07 | 0.002 | 0.011* | 0.83 | 3.37 [1.55, 7.33] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 2.94 | 0.003 | 0.013* | 0.85 | 3.44 [1.51, 7.85] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 1.79 | 0.073 | 0.219 | 0.44 | 2.13 [0.93, 4.85] | ||
| interpersonal | −1.05 | 0.295 | 0.295 | 0.18 | 0.57 [0.20, 1.63] | ||
| Neutral | Contempt | Diagnostic group | 1.69 | 0.091 | 0.183 | 0.42 | 2.36 [0.87, 6.42] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 2.97 | 0.003 | 0.015* | 0.86 | 2.97 [1.45, 6.09] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 2.77 | 0.006 | 0.022* | 0.78 | 2.76 [1.35, 5.66] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 2.46 | 0.014 | 0.042* | 0.74 | 2.51 [1.21, 5.23] | ||
| interpersonal | 0.58 | 0.563 | 0.563 | 0.10 | 1.35 [0.49, 3.72] | ||
| Neutral | Fear | Diagnostic group | −0.47 | 0.639 | 1.000 | 0.09 | 0.82 [0.35, 1.90] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 1.32 | 0.185 | 0.742 | 0.34 | 1.65 [0.79, 3.47] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 0.24 | 0.812 | 1.000 | 0.07 | 1.10 [0.52, 2.32] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 0.71 | 0.478 | 1.000 | 0.11 | 1.30 [0.63, 2.70] | ||
| interpersonal | −1.84 | 0.066 | 0.331 | 0.40 | 0.40 [0.15, 1.06] | ||
| Neutral | Sadness | Diagnostic group | 0.75 | 0.456 | 0.912 | 0.10 | 1.35 [0.62, 2.94] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 1.67 | 0.095 | 0.474 | 0.46 | 1.62 [0.92, 2.84] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 1.35 | 0.178 | 0.534 | 0.28 | 1.49 [0.83, 2.67] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 1.58 | 0.113 | 0.474 | 0.34 | 1.59 [0.90, 2.82] | ||
| interpersonal | 0.74 | 0.46 | 0.912 | 0.11 | 1.33 [0.62, 2.84] | ||
| Neutral | Shame | Diagnostic group | −2.22 | 0.026 | 0.131 | 0.55 | 0.33 [0.12, 0.88] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 0.42 | 0.673 | 0.958 | 0.08 | 1.21 [0.50, 2.88] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | −1.78 | 0.075 | 0.224 | 0.43 | 0.47 [0.21, 1.08] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | −1.99 | 0.046 | 0.186 | 0.48 | 0.44 [0.20, 0.99] | ||
| interpersonal | −0.71 | 0.479 | 0.958 | 0.06 | 0.73 [0.30, 1.76] | ||
| Neutral | Disgust | Diagnostic group | 0.08 | 0.935 | 1.000 | 0.00 | 1.07 [0.22, 5.31] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 1.46 | 0.143 | 0.572 | 0.18 | 2.96 [0.69, 9.63] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 1.86 | 0.063 | 0.317 | 0.25 | 4.73 [0.92, 0.00] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 0.31 | 0.757 | 1.000 | 0.08 | 1.25 [0.31, 5.01] | ||
| interpersonal | −1.27 | 0.205 | 0.616 | 0.08 | 0.24 [0.03, 2.17] | ||
| Neutral | Surprise | Diagnostic group | −0.33 | 0.741 | 1.000 | 0.02 | 0.82 [0.25, 2.67] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 1.03 | 0.303 | 1.000 | 0.19 | 1.79 [0.59, 5.41] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | 0.7 | 0.485 | 1.000 | 0.10 | 1.49 [0.48, 4.60] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | −0.39 | 0.694 | 1.000 | 0.06 | 0.80 [0.26, 2.46] | ||
| interpersonal | −0.64 | 0.524 | 1.000 | 0.08 | 0.54 [0.08, 3.60] | ||
| Neutral | Joy | Diagnostic group | 0.77 | 0.443 | 1.000 | 0.07 | 1.54 [0.51, 4.59] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | −0.4 | 0.689 | 1.000 | 0.05 | 0.80 [0.26, 2.41] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | −0.58 | 0.563 | 1.000 | 0.10 | 0.73 [0.24, 2.15] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | −1.23 | 0.22 | 1.000 | 0.21 | 0.53 [0.19, 1.47] | ||
| interpersonal | −0.78 | 0.438 | 1.000 | 0.14 | 0.53 [0.11, 2.62] | ||
| Neutral | Pride | Diagnostic group | −1.04 | 0.301 | 1.000 | 0.06 | 0.41 [0.07, 2.23] |
| CTQ sexual abuse | 0.19 | 0.847 | 1.000 | 0.17 | 1.15 [0.29, 4.60] | ||
| CTQ physical neglect | −0.4 | 0.687 | 1.000 | 0.01 | 0.78 [0.23, 2.67] | ||
| CTQ emotional abuse | 1.67 | 0.094 | 0.471 | 0.13 | 3.14 [0.82, 9.02] | ||
| interpersonal | −0.6 | 0.549 | 1.000 | 0.05 | 0.63 [0.14, 2.83] |
GV = Grouping variable
CQT = Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
P = Probability under H0
PH = Bonferroni-holm corrected probability under H0
*p < .05
1-β = statistical power
OR = Odds ratio
CI = confidence interval
Effect statistics and Odds ratios refer to the comparisons between the groups with the highest and lowest traumatic burden (e.g. PTSD vs HC, high CTQ vs. low CTQ)