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. 2019 Nov 13;14(11):e0224797. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224797

Table 3. Hazard ratio of all-cause and breast cancer-specific death associated with alcohol drinking by hormone receptor positive and negative type.

Factor Patients Person-years All-cause death Breast cancer-specific death
Deaths HR (95% CI)a Deaths HR (95% CI)a
ER+ or PR+
History of alcohol drinking
    Never 694 5572.9 105 1 (Reference) 67 1 (Reference)
    Ever (Current/past) 286 2339.6 29 0.75 (0.47–1.21) 21 0.67 (0.38–1.18)
    Past 31 244.8 2 0.49 (0.11–2.08) 2 0.90 (0.20–4.04)
    Current 255 2094.8 27 0.78 (0.48–1.26) 19 0.65 (0.36–1.17)
Age at start of drinking (years)
    ≥ 21 122 1015.1 14 0.64 (0.34–1.20) 10 0.62 (0.28–1.34)
    ≤ 20 142 1144.0 13 0.98 (0.51–1.89) 9 0.75 (0.34–1.65)
p for trend       0.56   0.28
Frequency of drinking (times)
    Occasional or 1–2 per week 136 1116.8 12 0.77 (0.41–1.48) 8 0.59 (0.27–1.31)
    3–7 per week 137 1121.4 15 0.74 (0.40–1.37) 11 0.73 (0.34–1.53)
p for trend       0.28   0.26
Amount of alcohol consumed per day (g)
    < 5.0 123 1017.9 10 0.68 (0.34–1.35) 7 0.53 (0.23–1.22)
    ≥ 5.0 142 1162.3 15 0.71 (0.38–1.32) 11 0.69 (0.32–1.46)
p for trend       0.20   0.19
ER-/PR-
History of alcohol drinking
    Never 242 1806.1 67 1 (Reference) 58 1 (Reference)
    Ever (Current/past) 99 775.4 18 0.49 (0.26–0.94) 14 0.41 (0.20–0.84)
    Past 13 81.4 4 0.43 (0.11–1.72) 2 0.15 (0.02–0.92)
    Current 86 694.0 14 0.50 (0.25–1.00) 12 0.48 (0.23–1.00)
Age at start of drinking (years)
    ≥ 21 43 343.7 8 0.44 (0.19–1.04) 7 0.46 (0.18–1.13)
    ≤ 20 47 364.3 9 0.71 (0.30–1.67) 6 0.44 (0.16–1.17)
p for trend       0.18   0.04
Frequency of drinking (times)
    Occasional or 1–2 per week 44 353.5 6 0.47 (0.19–1.16) 4 0.36 (0.12–1.08)
    3–7 per week 50 392.7 9 0.45 (0.19–1.04) 8 0.45 (0.18–1.09)
p for trend       0.03   0.04
Amount of alcohol consumed per day (g)
    < 5.0 42 334.8 6 0.52 (0.20–1.31) 4 0.41 (0.13–1.24)
    ≥ 5.0 50 403.5 9 0.42 (0.18–0.96) 8 0.41 (0.17–0.99)
p for trend       0.03   0.03
p for interaction between ever-drinking*hormone receptor 0.47   0.20  

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor.

aAdjusted by age, year of diagnosis, stage (0-I, II, III, IV, missing), referral status (from screening, other), radiation therapy (no, yes), chemotherapy (no, yes), endocrine therapy (no, yes), family history of breast cancer in parents or siblings (no, yes), smoking (ever, never, missing), BMI(<21.1, 21.1-<23.3, 23.3-<26.0, 26.0-, missing), physical activity (almost no, more than one hour per week, missing), comorbidities (no, yes), occupation (housewife, other, missing), age at menarche (≤12, 13, 14, 15<, missing), parity history (nulliparous, parous, missing), menopausal status (premenopausal, postmenopausal, missing), and intake of folate (continuous) and energy (continuous).

HHS Vulnerability Disclosure