Table 1.
Intervention |
Screening and referral for food insecurity, unemployment, lack of education, and inadequate housing |
Potential mediators |
Decreased food insecurity |
Increased employment |
Increased education opportunities |
Decreased substandard housing |
Reduced stressors in the areas of housing, education, unemployment, and food insecurity* |
Social support, social network |
Primary and secondary outcomes |
Reduced emergency department visits |
Reduced hospitalizations |
Improved patient satisfaction with primary care |
Chronic disease indicators (e.g., HbA1c) |
Receipt of preventive services** |
Improved self-reported overall health |
Improved physical and mental health (short form 12 physical/mental health) |
Reduced “no show” rates in primary care clinics |
Lower healthcare costs |
, opportunities for learning, improved standard of living, improved living conditions, improved nutrition;
, e.g., mammogram, colorectal cancer screening, immunizations.