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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Placenta. 2019 Sep 3;87:16–22. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.09.002

Figure 1: Proinflammatory cytokine levels are decreased (A, C, E) or increased (B, D, F) in umbilical cord lysates by fetal-placental, labour & delivery, and neonatal variables.

Figure 1:

A: Suppression of IL1-β. B: Induction of IL1-β. C: Suppression of IL-6. D: Induction of IL-6. E: Suppression of TNF-α. F: Induction of TNF-α. Bars are mean ± SEM. N values are listed below bars. * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001. CHORIO = chorioamnionitis, CHRONIC HTN = maternal chronic hypertension, C-SECT = current caesarean section; C-SECT R = repeat caesarean section, GEST DIA = gestational diabetes, GON = gonococcus infections, MEC = meconium passage in utero, NICU = neonatal admission to NICU, OLIGO = oligohydramnios, PREM B = premature birth, PREM L = premature labour, PROM = premature rupture of membranes, SEVERE PE = severe pre-eclampsia.