Figure 5.

Effects of the mitochondria on enzymes and metabolites of glucose metabolism. The activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase (A) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (B) in melanoma increased after mitochondrial administration, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (C) and pyruvate kinase activities (D) decreased. As a result, the lactate content reduced when the mitochondria prevented the tumor glycolysis. Moreover, 2-hydroglutarate (a tumor metabolic indicator) level in melanoma decreased after mitochondrial therapy. ^## p < 0.05 compared to normal control, and *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 with tumor model group.