FIG 3.
The frequency of spKIR2DL1+, spKIR2DL2+, or spKIR2DL3+ NK cells responding to autologous HIV-infected CD4 cells increases with increasing ligand copy number. (A to C) The y axes show the frequencies of functional spKIR2DL1+ (A), spKIR2DL2+ (B), and spKIR2DL3+ (C) cells characterized by the seven possible combinations of CCL4 secretion, IFN-γ secretion, and CD107a expression. The presence of each of these functions in the seven functional subsets studied is indicated by a plus sign under the graph. Each point represents a separate individual. Bar heights show median values for the data sets. P values indicated above the bars linking the data sets being compared were generated using Dunn’s posttests. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. (D to O) The y axes show the frequencies of functional spKIR2DL1+ (D to G), spKIR2DL2+ (H to K), and spKIR2DL3+ (L to O) cells exhibiting the sum of all functions tested (D, H, and L), total CCL4 secretion (E, I, and M), total IFN-γ secretion (F, J, and N), and total CD107a expression (G, K, and O). For spKIR2DL1 results, cells from 26 donors were included; 10 were from subjects not educated through KIR2DL1, and 8 each were from subjects educated through KIR2DL1 by 1 or 2 HLA-C2 ligands, respectively. For spKIR2DL2 results, cells from 20 donors were included; 5 were from subjects not educated through KIR2DL2, and 9 and 6 were from subjects educated through KIR2DL2 by 1 or 2 HLA-C1 ligands, respectively. For spKIR2DL3 results, cells from 27 donors were included; 6 were from subjects not educated through KIR2DL3, while 12 and 9 were from subjects educated through KIR2DL3 by 1 or 2 ligands, respectively. All results from C1/C1 donors are represented by white bars, from C1/C2 donors by light pink bars, and from C2/C2 donors by dark pink bars. Each point represents results for a single individual. For each data set, the bar height and error bars show the median and interquartile range, respectively. P values given above the bars linking the data sets being compared were generated using Mann-Whitney tests for comparison of results from uneducated versus educated subjects and by Dunn’s posttests for comparison of results from carriers of C1/C1, C1/C2, and C2/C2 genotypes. Fnx, function; –/–, uneducated NK cell condition; –/+, educated by one ligand; +/+, educated by two ligands; Pkw, P value generated by a Kruskal-Wallis test.