FIG 5.

CVB3 replication is more sensitive to antibiotic treatment than poliovirus replication. (A) Male C57BL/6 PVR^+/+ mice were left untreated or treated with a combination of 5 antibiotics (ampicillin, neomycin, streptomycin, metronidazole, and vancomycin) at a 0.1× concentration (one-tenth the standard concentration) for 5 days by oral gavage followed by a 0.1× concentration administered in drinking water available ad libitum for 9 days prior to oral inoculation with either 5 × 10⁷ PFU of CVB3 or 2 × 10⁷ of poliovirus. (A) Fecal titers at 72 h postinoculation were determined by plaque assay. (B to D) Male C57BL/6 PVR^+/+ IFNAR^−/− mice were left untreated or treated with a single gavage of streptomycin the day prior to oral inoculation with either 5 × 10⁷ PFU CVB3 or 2 × 10⁷ PFU poliovirus. (B) CVB3 and poliovirus fecal titers at 72 h postinoculation determined by plaque assay. (C and D) Survival of untreated or streptomycin-treated mice orally inoculated with CVB3 (C) or poliovirus (D). Data represent means ± SEM. *, P < 0.05 (Mann-Whitney test or log rank test). n = 6 to 9 mice per group from 2 independent experiments.