pDNA encoding miR-200c promotes bone formation at rat CB defects. (A) Quantitative measurement of miR-200c expression level in the different implants after 1 week. *p < 0.05; n = 3. (B) μCT top view image of CB defect (5 mm in diameter) 4 weeks after receiving the implantation of collagen sponge loaded with different doses of pDNA miR-200c or controls. (C, D) Quantitative measurement of BV/TV and BMD in the rat CB defects. *p < 0.05 versus untreated; n = 8. (E) Microphotographs of histological cross section of the rat calvarial defects 4 weeks after different treatments. H&E staining; bar = 1 mm; arrows: the edges of defects. BMD, bone mineral density; CB, calvarial bone; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; NB, new bone. Color images are available online.