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. 2019 Nov 13;19:209. doi: 10.1186/s12862-019-1519-8

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — The hypothetical evolutionary scenario of apolipoproteins across vertebrates. a. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of nine apolipoproteins. The analysis involved the amino acid sequence of each apolipoprotein member from 30 species, and there were a total of 406 positions in the final dataset. Each branch is marked by its apolipoprotein name on the right side. b. A hypothetical diagram for evolutionary events of apolipoprotein genes. Gene duplication and deletion events are shown by green and red shapes, and the taxon that gained each new gene is displayed above