Table 5.
Postoperative outcome measures used in the included studies
| Authors | Postoperative complications | ICU stay | Length of primary hospital stay | In-hospital mortality | Readmission |
| Kim et al.22 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Carli et al.23 | I: CD I-II: 16/56 (29%) C: CD I-II: 15/54 (28%) P = NS I: CD III-IV: 6/56 (11%) C: CD III-IV: 3/54 (6%) P = NS | NR | I: mean ± SD days: 11.9 ± 34.6 C: mean ± SD days: 6.6 ± 3.6 P = NS I: mean ± SD days: 7.4 ± 6.5 a C: mean ± SD days: 6.5 ± 3.6a P = NS | NR | NR |
| Dronkers et al.24 | I: complications: 9/21 (43%) C: complications: 8/20 (38%) P = 0.650 I: pulmonary complications: 5/21 (24%) C: pulmonary complications: 5/20 (20%) P = 0.930 I: pneumonia: 1/21 (5%) C: pneumonia: 3/20 (15%) P = 0.270 | NR | I: mean ± SD days: 16.2 ± 11.5 C: mean ± SD days: 21.6 ± 23.7 P = 0.310 | NR | NR |
| Kaibori et al.25 | I: complications: 2/23 (9%) C: complications: 3/23 (13%) P = 0.671 | NR | I: mean ± SD days: 13.7 ± 4.0 C: mean ± SD days: 17.5 ± 11.3 P = 0.120 | I: 0 (0%) C: 0 (0%) | NR |
| Gillis et al.26 | I: 30-day CD I-IV: 12/38 (32%) C: 30-day CD I-IV: 17/39 (44%) P = 0.277 | NR | I: median [IQR]: 4 [3 to 5] C: median [IQR]: 4 [3 to 7] P = 0.812 | NR | I: 30-day readmission: 6/38 (16%) C: 30-day readmission: 5/39 (13%) P = 0.780 |
| Dunne et al.27 | I: CD I-II: 8/19 (42%) C: CD I-II: 7/15 (47%) P = NS I: CD III-IV: 3/19 (16%) C: CD III-IV: 1/15 (7%) P = NS | I: elective admissions: 8/19 (42%) C: elective admissions: 4/15 (27%) P = NS I: median (IQR) days: 1.0 (1 to 2) C: median (IQR) days: 1.5 (1 to 2) P = NS | I: median [IQR]: 5 [4.0 to 6.0] C: median [IQR]: 5 [4.5 to 7.0] P = NS | NR | I: readmission: 4/19 (21%) C: readmission: 0/15 (0%) P-value NS |
| Barberan-Garcia et al.28 | I: complications: 19/62 (31%) C: complications: 39/63 (62%) P = 0.001* | I: mean ± SD days: 1 ± 2 C: mean ± SD days: 4 ± 13 P = 0.078 | I: mean ± SD days: 8 ± 8 C: mean ± SD days: 13 ± 20 P = 0.078 | I: 1 (2%) C: 1 (2%) P = 1.000 | NR |
| Bousquet-Dion et al.29 | I: 30-day complication: 14/37 (38%) C: 30-day complication: 8/26 (31%) P = 0.562 I: most severe CD (I: n = 9; II: n = 3; III: n = 2) C: most severe CD (I: n = 4; II: n = 4; III: n = 0) P = 0.269 | NR | I: median [IQR]: 3 [3 to 4] C: median [IQR]: 3 [2 to 4] P = 0.122 | NR | I: 30-day readmission: 5/37 (14%) C: 30-day readmission: 2/26 (8%) P = 0.415 |
C, control group; CD, Clavien-Dindo; I, intervention group; IQR, interquartile range; NR, not reported; NS, not statistically significant (exact P value not reported); SD, standard deviation.
aData minus one outlier.
*P < 0.01.