Table 3. Risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
Univariate analysis.
| Survivors 580 |
Non-survivors 209 |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age yrs median (IQR) | 62 (50–73) | 68 (56–78) | 0.001 |
| Inherent risk factors n (%) | |||
| Age≥65 | 253 (43.6) | 120 (57.4) | <0.001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 28 (4.8) | 21 (10.0) | 0.008 |
| Chronic cardiac disease | 79 (13.6) | 45 (21.5) | 0.006 |
| Etiological risk factors n (%) | |||
| Dehydration | 275 (47.4) | 70 (33.5) | <0.001 |
| Hypotension/shock | 188 (32.4) | 133 (63.6) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac event | 88 (15.2) | 54 (25.8) | 0.001 |
| Infection | 127 (21.9) | 72 (34.4) | <0.001 |
| Acute kidney disease | 122 (21.0) | 21 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Urinary obstruction | 87 (15.0) | 15 (7.2) | 0.002 |
| Hospital-acquired AKI n (%) | 172 (31.7) | 92 (49.5) | <0.001 |
| ICU stay n (%) | 103 (18.6) | 105 (52.2) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital complications n (%) | |||
| Infection | 236 (43.2) | 149 (74.9) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis | 35 (6.0) | 69 (33.0) | <0.001 |
| MOD | |||
| Cardiovascular | 29 (5.0) | 65 (31.1) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary | 16 (2.8) | 43 (20.6) | <0.001 |
| Hematological | 6 (1.0) | 21 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Neurological | 3 (0.5) | 35 (16.7) | <0.001 |
| Fluid overload | 34 (5.9) | 4 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Nephrologist consultation n (%) | 402 (69.8) | 165 (79.7) | 0.022 |
| Peak SCr mg/dL | 2.73 (1.70–4.68) | 3.41 (2.37–4.74) | 0.001 |
| Pre-dialysis SCr mg/dL | 5.10 (3.10–7.70) | 3.60 (2.25–5.65) | 0.002 |
| AKI stage 3 n (%) | 183 (31.6) | 117 (56.0) | <0.001 |
| Process of care n (%) | |||
| Diuretics | 233 (42.5) | 141(70.5) | <0.001 |
| Vasopressors | 124 (21.4) | 143 (68.4) | <0.001 |
| Antibiotics | 386 (70.4) | 177 (87.2) | <0.001 |
| Artificial nutrition | 110 (20.1) | 130 (68.8) | <0.001 |
| KRT | 110 (20.1) | 106 (53.8) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 72 (14.8) | 119 (63.3 | <0.001 |
MOD = multiorgan dysfunction; KRT = kidney replacement therapy