Table 2. Results from Cox Regression Model, Hazard ratios (HR) and adjusted Hazard ratios (aHR) for loss to follow up (LTFU) are shown stratified by years of retention on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
| 1st year on ART | 2nd year on ART | 2–5 years on ART | 6–8 years on ART | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable (N = 132,274), HR (95% CI) | Mulitvariable* (N = 132,274), aHR (95% CI) | Univariable (N = 132,274), HR (95% CI) | Mulitvariable* (N = 132,274), aHR (95% CI) | Univariable (N = 132,274), HR (95% CI) | Mulitvariable* (N = 132,274), aHR (95% CI) | Univariable (N = 132,274), HR (95% CI) | Mulitvariable* (N = 132,274), aHR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Female | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 0.75 (0.72–0.78) | 0.91 (0.79–1.04) | 0.73 (0.68–0.79) | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 0.77 (0.70–0.84) | 0.66 (0.60–0.73) | 0.62 (0.55–0.69) |
| HIV guideline period | ||||||||
| Guidelines 2003 / 2006 # | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Guidelines 2008† | 0.81 (0.67–0.98) | 0.80 (0.66–0.97) | 0.98 (0.79–1.21) | 0.96 (0.79–1.18) | 1.38 (0.98–1.94) | 1.36 (0.97–1.91) | 0.97 (0.73–1.30) | 0.98 (0.74–1.30) |
| Guidelines 2011‡ | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 0.87 (0.75–1.01) | 1.08 (0.84–1.39) | 0.96 (0.77–1.21) | 1.21 (0.77–1.91) | 1.17 (0.76–1.82) | NA | NA |
| Guidelines 2014 ** | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | 0.94 (0.84–1.07) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Age at ART start (years) | ||||||||
| 0–2 | 1.44 (1.17–1.77) | 1.55 (1.27–1.89) | 1.49 (1.26–1.78) | 1.48 (1.28–1.70) | 1.14 (0.96–1.36) | 1.06 (0.89–1.27) | 1.07 (0.78–1.47) | 0.98 (0.71–1.36) |
| 3–5 | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 0.75 (0.54–1.04) | 0.72 (0.51–1.02) | 1.02 (0.77–1.36) | 0.97 (0.74–1.29) | 1.03 (0.55–1.94) | 0.88 (0.44–1.76) |
| 6–14 | 0.73 (0.66–0.81) | 0.78 (0.71–0.85) | 0.83 (0.68–1.01) | 0.82 (0.65–1.05) | 1.06 (0.94–1.21) | 1.03 (0.89–1.20) | 1.66 (1.47–1.87) | 1.48 (1.31–1.66) |
| 15–24 | 1.51 (1.43–1.58) | 1.35 (1.29–1.40) | 1.52 (1.41–1.63) | 1.51 (1.38–1.66) | 1.38 (1.26–1.50) | 1.42 (1.32–1.53) | 1.17 (0.94–1.47) | 1.29 (1.05–1.57) |
| 25–34 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| 35–44 | 0.74 (0.71–0.77) | 0.79 (0.77–0.81) | 0.72 (0.64–0.80) | 0.70 (0.65–0.76) | 0.79 (0.75–0.83) | 0.76 (0.72–0.80) | 0.70 (0.59–0.82) | 0.64 (0.56–0.73) |
| 45–54 | 0.70 (0.66–0.75) | 0.77 (0.74–0.80) | 0.64 (0.59–0.70) | 0.62 (0.55–0.69) | 0.69 (0.63–0.75) | 0.64 (0.59–0.70) | 0.71 (0.60–0.83) | 0.63 (0.55–0.73) |
| >54 | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) | 0.77 (0.66–0.91) | 0.75 (0.64–0.88) | 0.82 (0.71–0.95) | 0.77 (0.65–0.91) | 1.24 (0.97–1.58) | 1.09 (0.84–1.40) |
| Reason for starting ART | ||||||||
| Own health | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Option B+ | 1.90 (1.65–2.19) | 1.84 (1.61–2.11) | 1.45 (1.08–1.96) | 1.34 (0.99–1.82) | 1.08 (0.87–1.33) | 1.06 (0.97–1.15) | NA | NA |
* all models accounted for site heterogeneity using cluster based robus standard errors
# (calendar years 2005–2008)
† (calendar years 2008–2011)
‡ (calendar years 2011–2014)
** (calendar years 2014–2016