FIGURE 1.

Summary and GRADE assessment of the pooled effect estimates of prospective cohort studies assessing the associations between dietary pulses with or without other legumes and cardiometabolic disease outcomes (the highest compared with the lowest level of intake) in participants free of the disease at baseline. Pooled risk estimate for each outcome is represented by the diamond. Data are expressed as weighted risk ratios with 95% CIs using the generic inverse-variance method modelled by random effects, or by fixed effects if data from <5 studies were available. Values of I² ≥ 50% and P < 0.10 indicate substantial heterogeneity (10, 24). Values >1.0 indicate an adverse association. CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not available.