Table 1.

Summary of the neuroprotective and vasoprotective effects of different compounds in models of retinal disease.

		Neuroprotection				Vasoprotection			References
	Compound	OS*	IF*	APO*	FUNC*	VASC*	BRB	VEGF
	Curcumin								Zuo et al., 2013
									Mrudula et al., 2007
									Kowluru and Kanwar, 2007
									Wang L. et al., 2011
									Gupta et al., 2011
									Yang et al., 2018
	Resveratrol								Kim et al., 2010
									Soufi et al., 2012
									Kim et al., 2012
									Kubota et al., 2009
									Kubota et al., 2011
									Sohn et al., 2016
									Chen Y. et al., 2019
	Carotenoids								Sasaki et al., 2010
									Hu et al., 2012
									Ozawa et al., 2012
									Sasaki et al., 2012
									Kowluru et al., 2008
									Kowluru et al., 2014
									Orhan et al., 2016; Tuzcu et al., 2017
	Catechins								Al-Gayyar et al., 2011
									Wang W. et al., 2018
									Lee et al., 2014
									Kumar et al., 2012a
									Silva et al., 2013
	Hesperetin								Kara et al., 2014
									Shimouchi et al., 2016
									Kumar et al., 2012b
									Kumar et al., 2013
	Quercetin								Kumar et al., 2014
									Ola et al., 2017
									Chen B. et al., 2017
	Chrysin								Kang et al., 2018
									Kang et al., 2016
	Anthocyanins								Kim et al., 2015
									Song et al., 2016
	Eriodictyol								Bucolo et al., 2012
	Lisosan G								Amato et al., 2018b
	Morus alba								Mahmoud et al., 2017
	Tang Wang Ming Mu								Chen M. et al., 2017
	Kaempferol								Du et al., 2018
Antioxidants	Calcium dobesilate								Bogdanov et al., 2017; Voabil et al., 2017
									Rota et al., 2004
									Leal et al., 2010
									Sola-Adell et al., 2017
	Nrf2 activator								Deliyanti et al., 2018
	DNMT inhibitor								Xie et al., 2019
Neuropeptides	GLP-1								Zhang et al., 2009; Zhang Y. et al., 2011; Fan et al., 2014b
									Zhang R. et al., 2011
									Zeng et al., 2016
									Cai et al., 2017
									Goncalves et al., 2012
									Fan et al., 2014a
									Goncalves et al., 2014
									Dietrich et al., 2016
									Goncalves et al., 2016
									Hernandez et al., 2016a
									Hernandez et al., 2017
									Sampedro et al., 2019
	SRIF								Catalani et al., 2007; Cervia et al., 2008b; Kiagiadaki and Thermos, 2008; Kiagiadaki et al., 2010; Dal Monte et al., 2012; Kokona et al., 2012; Amato et al., 2018a
									Hernandez et al., 2013
									Wang et al., 2017
									Cervia et al., 2012
									D'alessandro et al., 2014; Amato et al., 2016
									Wang et al., 2015
	Ang								Silva et al., 2009; Fujita et al., 2012; Ola et al., 2013
									Yang et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2012; Foureaux et al., 2013, 2015; Thangaraju et al., 2014; Quigley et al., 2015
									Narimatsu et al., 2014
									Semba et al., 2014
									Qiu et al., 2014; Shil et al., 2014
									Qiu et al., 2016
									Satofuka et al., 2009
									Verma et al., 2012
									Batenburg et al., 2014
	PACAP								Danyadi et al., 2014
									Szabadfi et al., 2014
									Vaczy et al., 2016
									Lakk et al., 2015; Szabadfi et al., 2016; Werling et al., 2017; Atlasz et al., 2018; Ye et al., 2019
									D'alessandro et al., 2014
									Amato et al., 2016; Werling et al., 2016
									D'amico et al., 2017b
	VIP								Tuncel et al., 1996
	VIP/NAP								Scuderi et al., 2014
									D'amico et al., 2019
									D'amico et al., 2017a
	α-MSH								Naveh, 2003
									Edling et al., 2011
									Varga et al., 2013
									Zhang et al., 2014
									Cai et al., 2018
	ET								Masuzawa et al., 2006
									Chou et al., 2014
									Alrashdi et al., 2018
									Bogdanov et al., 2018
	Erythropoietin								Zhang et al., 2008
									Wang et al., 2010
									Wang Q. et al., 2011
									Liu et al., 2015
	GHRH*								Thounaojam et al., 2017
	Insulin								Rong et al., 2018
	Melatonin								Djordjevic et al., 2018
	Substance P								D'alessandro et al., 2014
	Vasoinhibins								Garcia et al., 2008
									Arredondo Zamarripa et al., 2014
Other factors	uPAR								Cammalleri et al., 2019a
									Navaratna et al., 2008
									Cammalleri et al., 2017a
									Cammalleri et al., 2017b
	Brimonidine								Kusari et al., 2010
									Guo et al., 2015; Marangoz et al., 2018
									Goldenberg-Cohen et al., 2009
	PPARα agonists								Chen et al., 2013
									Deng et al., 2017
									Li et al., 2018
									Liu et al., 2018
									Wang N. et al., 2018
									Liu et al., 2019
									Qiu et al., 2019
	ALDH2*								He et al., 2018
	LRIC*								Ren et al., 2018

The data indicated with “” are from papers documenting either neuroprotective or vasoprotective effects; those indicated with “” are from papers documenting both neuroprotective and vasoprotective effects in the same experimental samples. *ALDH2, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; APO, apoptosis; FUNC, retinal function; GHRH, growth hormone-releasing hormone; IF, inflammation; LRIC, remote ischemic conditioning; OS, oxidative stress; VASC, vasculopathy. See “Abbreviations” for the other abbreviations.