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. 2019 Nov 14;9:16827. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53394-w

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Oral administration of plant GlcCer reduces Aβ accumulation in APP mice. (a) Haematoxylin and eosin staining of the brains of APP mice orally administered GlcCer or vehicle (control) for 14 days. Scale bars, 500 µm. (b) The levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in brain tissues were measured by ELISA (n = 10 animals, 6 males and 4 females, each group). (c) Representative images of Aβ-immunostained and thioflavin-S (ThS)-stained hippocampal sections. Bars, 200 µm. Quantification of Aβ-immunopositive (d) and ThS-positive (e) areas in hippocampi (n = 10 animals, 6 males and 4 females, two sections per brain). (f) Concentrations of Aβ in hippocampi and cerebral cortices of mice administered purified GlcCer or vehicle were measured by ELISA (n = 6 animals, 4 males and 2 females, each group). (g) Dot blot analysis using anti-oligomer (A11) antibody of hippocampal lysates of GlcCer or vehicle-administered mice. Right graph exhibited quantification of A-11 positive staining in dot blots. (n = 4 animals, 2 males and females, each group). Data are presented as means ± SDs. ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 by t tests.