Table 2.
Characteristics of studies included in parvalbumin mRNA meta-analysis
| Author and year | Outcome measure included in the meta-analysis | Schizophrenia (SCZ) patients/controls (CON) (n) | Age mean (sd) (years): schizophrenia (SCZ)/controls (CON) | Method | Area | Cause of death | Patients’ medication | Mean (sd) post-mortem interval (h): schizophrenia (SCZ) patients/controls (CON) | Significant findings (p < 0.05) (schizophrenia relative to controls) (summary) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hashimoto et al. (2003) | Parvalbumin mRNA per neuron | 15/15 | 43.0 (± 12)/43.3 (± 14.6) | In situ (ISH) film radiography | Pre-frontal cortical region (BA 9) |
SCZ: 4 suicide CON: 0 suicide |
3 SCZ unmedicated (antipsychotic) at death | 16.9 (± 8.0)/17.0 (± 5.8) | ↔ PV interneuron density in PFC ↓ PV interneuron mRNA in PFC |
| Fung et al. (2014) | Parvalbumin mRNA in total grey matter | 35/34 | 42.6 (19–59)/43.8 (31–60) | qPCR | Dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (BA 46) and lateral orbitofrontal cortex | SCZ: 7 suicide | 85004.3 (100335) (lifetime fluphenazine mg equiv.) | 31.4 (15.4)/29.5 (13.0) | ↔ PV mRNA in DLPFC or lateral OFC |
| Joshi et al. (2015) | PV mRNA expression in grey matter | 38/38 | 52.24 (± 14.52)/52.55(± 14.51) | qPCR | Orbital frontal cortex | Not available | SCZ 35/38 antipsychotics, 3 unknown; SCZ 19/38 on antidepressants, 3 uknown | 28.21(± 13.57)/26.43(± 11.69) | ↓ PV mRNA in OFC (↔ using qPCR) |
| Volk et al. (2016a) | PV mRNA levels in grey matter | 50/50 | 48.62(± 12.7)/50.06 (± 13.2) | qPCR | Pre-frontal cortex (BA 9) | SCZ: 10 suicide | 89.7% SCZ on antipsychotics at time of death | 21.07 (± 11.9)/20.8(± 11.5) | ↓ PV mRNA in “Low LGM” group ↔ PV mRNA in “non-LGM” group |