Table 3. Subgroup analysis according to central or branch RAO. Uni- and multi-variable analysis for obstructive CAD (≥ 50% DS), SIS > 4, and SSS > 8 based on findings on coronary computed tomographic angiography.
| Variables | Obstructive CAD (≥ 50% DS) | SISa > 4 | SSSb > 8 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | ||||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age ≥ 70 yr | 4.5 (2.1–9.5) | < 0.001 | 5.5 (2.3–13.1) | < 0.001 | 3.3 (1.4–7.5) | < 0.001 | 2.9 (1.2–7.0) | 0.017 | 3.9 (1.4–11.1) | 0.010 | 3.5 (1.2–10.4) | 0.027 | |
| Gender (men) | 2.6 (1.0–7.1) | 0.061 | 4.6 (1.4–14.3) | 0.010 | 1.3 (0.5–3.5) | 0.563 | - | - | 1.8 (0.5–6.5) | 0.378 | - | - | |
| Hypertension | 2.0 (0.9–4.1) | 0.071 | 1.4 (0.6–3.4) | 0.420 | 3.0 (1.3–7.3) | 0.013 | 2.2 (0.9–5.6) | 0.090 | 2.9 (1.0–8.6) | 0.053 | 2.0 (0.6–6.2) | 0.247 | |
| DM | 5.7 (2.6–12.5) | < 0.001 | 5.2 (2.1–12.9) | < 0.001 | 2.9 (1.2–7.0) | 0.017 | 2.4 (0.9–6.0) | 0.073 | 4.3 (1.6–12.1) | 0.005 | 3.4 (1.1–10.0) | 0.029 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.6 (0.8–3.4) | 0.187 | - | - | 1.7 (0.7–3.8) | 0.224 | - | - | 1.6 (0.6–4.4) | 0.368 | - | - | |
| Current smoker | 0.7 (0.3–2.0) | 0.525 | - | - | 1.4 (0.5–3.8) | 0.496 | - | - | 1.0 (0.3–3.7) | 0.992 | - | - | |
| Obesity | 0.7 (0.3–1.7) | 0.452 | - | - | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 0.601 | - | - | 1.3 (0.4–3.6) | 0.637 | - | - | |
| RAO | |||||||||||||
| Branch RAO | - | - | - | - | 1.1 (0.1–9.2) | 0.943 | 1.8 (0.2–17.3) | 0.593 | - | - | - | - | |
| Central RAO | 3.5 (1.5–8.1) | 0.003 | 3.6 (1.3–9.7) | 0.011 | 3.4 (1.3–8.5) | 0.009 | 3.0 (1.1–7.8) | 0.028 | 4.3 (1.5–12.4) | 0.007 | 3.8 (1.3–11.8) | 0.019 | |
P < 0.05 was deemed to indicate clinical significance, values in boldface are statistically significant.
CAD = coronary artery disease, DS = diameter stenosis, SIS = segment-involvement score, SSS = segment-stenosis score, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, DM = diabetes mellitus, RAO = retinal artery occlusion.
aSIS, total number of coronary artery segments with exhibiting plaque, ranging from 0 to 15; bSSS, sum of the score of each segment graded as 0–2, ranging from 0 to 30 (0, no CAP; 1, < 50% DS; 2, ≥ 50% DS).