Table 1.

Baseline population characteristics and model parameters used in TapHCV model for Spain.

Model Parameter	Value		Range
Population
General population	46,560,000		—
Inmates1	41,020		—
Gender (male %)
General population23	49%		—
Prisons2	96.2%		—
Transmission probability4	0.000255		0.000085–0.000425
Self-clearance probability24	0.25		0.23–0.28
Newborn infection rate25	0.0093%		0.0061%–0.018%
PWID–non-PWID interaction probability4	0.012		—
Status quo treatment capacity in the prisons	160 (calibrated)		—
Prevalence of PWID
In prisons (Active PWID2; Former PWID26,27)	37.2%; 20.5%		—
Outside of prisons (Active PWID28; Former PWID26,27)	0.03%; 1.3%		—
Birth-rate per 1,000 population (annual)23	15		—
Standardized mortality ratio (SMR)
PWID29	2.54		—
Inmates10	0.85		—
HCV genotype2,8,30–36 [Genotype 1; Genotype 2; Genotype 3; Genotype 4]	[50.2%; 2.37%; 27.8%; 19.7%]		—
Chronic hepatitis C disease stage distribution2,8,30–36
[F0; F1; F2; F3; F4; DC; HCC]	[14.2%; 31.6%; 16.5%; 14.1%; 20.4%; 3.09%; 0.29%]		—
Proportion of patients aware of their HCV status
In general population9	30%		0.7–0.9
In prisons8	80%		0.05–0.55
Proportion of treatment-experienced patients in prisons2	23.1%		0.131–0.331
Agent’s behavior6
F0 HCV diagnosis probability (annual)	0.037		0.028–0.046
F1 HCV diagnosis probability (annual)	0.030		0.022–0.037
F2 HCV diagnosis probability (annual)	0.042		0.032–0.052
F3 HCV diagnosis probability (annual)	0.046		0.035–0.057
F4 HCV diagnosis probability (annual)	0.163		0.124–0.199
Aware reduction factor	0.5		0.25–0.75
Treatment reduction factor	0.0		0.0–1.0
Transition probabilities (annual)
F0 to F137	$e^{-2.0124-(0.07589\times duration)+(0.3247\times 0.5)+(0.5063\times f(male))+(0.4839\times f(G1))}$
F1 to F237	$e^{-1.5387-(0.06146\times duration)+(0.8001\times f(\mathit{\text{excess alcohol}}))}$
F2 to F337	$e^{-1.6038+(0.0172\times \mathit{\text{age at HCV}})-(0.05939\times duration)+(0.4539\times 0.19)}$
F3 to F437	$e^{-2.2898+(0.01689\times \mathit{\text{age at HCV}})-(0.03694\times duration)+(0.5963\times f(PWID))+(1.1682\times 0.31)-(0.4652\times f(G1))}$
F3 to HCC38	0.008		0.003–0.014
F4 to DC39	0.039		0.01–0.079
F4 to HCC39	0.014		0.01–0.079
SVR after cirrhosis to DC24	0.008		0.002–0.036
SVR after cirrhosis to HCC24	0.005		0.002–0.013
DC to HCC40	0.068		0.03–0.083
DC to LT41,42	0.023		0.01–0.062
DC (first year) to LRD40	0.182		0.065–0.19
DC (subsequent year) to LRD40	0.112		0.065–0.19
HCC to LT43,44	0.040		0–0.14
HCC to LRD39	0.427		0.33–0.86
LT (first year) to LRD45	0.116		0.06–0.42
LT (subsequent year) to LRD45	0.044		0.024–0.11
Health state costs (annual) (€)31
F0, F1	365		182.5–547.5
F2, F3	280		140–420
F4	560		280–840
DC	2,280		1,140–3,420
HCC	6,700		3,350–10,050
LT, first year	104,000		52,000–156,000
LT, subsequent year	17,800		89,00–267,00
Testing cost (one-time) (€)46
HCV ELISA test (anti-HCV antibody test)	3		1.5–4.5
Quantitative HCV RNA	40		20–60
Fibroscan test	60		30–90
HCV treatment costs (one-time) (€)32,33	17,126		3,333–12,083
Health-related quality-of-life weights34
F0, F1	0.93		0.99–0.837
F2, F3	0.93		0.99–0.837
F4	0.9		0.99–0.81
DC	0.8		0.88–0.72
HCC	0.79		0.869–0.711
First-year post-LT	0.84		0.924–0.756
Post SVR (F0-F1)	1		0.99–0.9
Post SVR (F2-F4)	0.93		0.99–0.837
Age-related quality-of-life weights35
Age group	Male	Female
0–29	0.928	0.913	—
30–39	0.918	0.893	—
40–49	0.887	0.863	—
50–59	0.861	0.837	—
60–69	0.84	0.811	—

f(male) = 1, if patient is male; and 0 if patient is female.

f(G1) = 1, if patient has hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1; and 0 otherwise.

f(excess alcohol) = 1, if patients has excess alcohol consumption; and 0 otherwise. The prevalence of excess alcohol consumption was 24% for male inmates, 17% for female inmates, and 23% for general population.

f(PWID) = 1, if patients are active injection drug users; and 0 otherwise.

Abbreviations: HCV; hepatitis C virus; PWID, person who injects drug; SVR, sustained virology response; METAVIR, meta-analysis of histologic data in viral hepatitis; F0–F4, METAVIR fibrosis score. DC, decompensated cirrhosis; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbant analysis; RNA, ribonucleic acid.