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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2019 Dec;160(12):2829–2840. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001674

Table 1.

No significant difference of demographic and pain-related characteristics between Discovery LDH-PC and Validation LDH-PC. Pain duration was log-transformed for the normal distribution assumption of statistical analysis. Two-tailed t-test was performed for parametric data and chi-square test was performed for categorical data.

Discovery (n = 68) Validation (n = 68) p value
Mean or n SEM or % Mean or n SEM or %
Age 44.0 1.5 44.0 1.4 0.99
Male 43 63.2 44 64.7 0.86
Low education 44 64.7 43 63.2 0.86
Current smoking 20 29.4 19 27.9 0.85
Pain duration (log) 1.97 0.07 1.97 0.06 0.98
Pain intensity 0.06 0.12 0.03 0.11 0.81
Pain emotion 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.12 0.93
Pain sensitivity −0.04 0.11 −0.01 0.11 0.84