DHA induces autophagy in HUVECs. (A) HUVECs were treated with different doses of DHA for 24 h and the protein levels of LC3 were detected by Western blot. (B) Densitometry analysis of prtein bands in (A). n=3, **p< 0.01. (C) HUVECs were treated with 35 μM DHA for different time and the protein levels of LC3 were detected by Western blot; (D) Densitometry analysis of protein bands in (C), n=3; *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01. (E, G) Representative fluorescent images and quantifications of GFP-LC3 puncta in HUVECs. Magnification: 400×; Scale bar represents 10 μm. *p< 0.05. (F, H) HUVECs were transfected with scramble siRNA or siRNA targeting ATG5 for 48 h, and were treated with 35 μM DHA for another 24 h. The knockdown efficacy of Atg5 and protein levels of LC3 were detected by Western blot. *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01, ## p< 0.01. (I, J) Western blot analysis of LC3-II in HUVECs treated with 35 μM DHA for 6 h. Baf (100 nM) was added to the cells for 1 h prior to the DHA exposure. *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01, ## p< 0.01.